Abstract-Cyanobacteria offer an economically and ecologically sound alternative to chemical fertilizers for realizing the ultimate goal of increased productivity, especially in rice cultivation. There is however, a growing concern about the adverse effects of indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers on soil productivity and environmental quality. A comparative study between the NR activity and biomass of six Anabaena strains isolated from paddy field soils of Ganjam district in presence of pH, temperature, copper& molybdenum, NaNO3, NH4Cl, and Urea is being conducted to present a situation where NR activity and biomass may be affected under varied concentration. Maximum NR activity was observed in Anabaena sp. at pH 8.5 and 35 o C temperature while Anabaena circinalis showed minimum activity in same concentration. Biomass content was maximum in Anabaena variabilis at pH 8.5 where as at temperature 35 o C in Anabaena flos-aquae and minimum biomass observed in Anabaena iyengarii at same concentration. NR activity in relation to copper was maximum in Anabaena sp. at 2 g/l while minimum in Anabaena circinalis at same concentration. At 0.5µg/l molybdenum content in the culture medium showed maximum NR activity in Anabaena sp and reduced in all strains with increase of concentration. Anabaena flos-aquae showed minimum NR activity at 0.1mM concentration of NaNO3 while Anabaena circinalis showed minimum NR activity at same concentration of NH4Cl. The NR activity was observed minimum at 3mM concentration of Urea in A. cylindrica. The activity of NR and biomass in all the strains was influenced by external NH4 -and NO3 + and Urea concentration.

Computational biology is a term coined from analogy to the role of physical sciences, is now coming into its own as a major element of contemporary biological and biomedical research. In the sharp in this pattern, over past few years, experiments in life sciences in the academic institutions have begun to recognize the value of bioinformatics and computational biology in the field of algology. Cyanobacteria (also known as blue-green algae) are a group of extraordinarily diverse Gram-negative prokaryotes that originated 3.5 billion years ago. After the advent of bioinformatics in the field of algology, complete genome sequences of Cyanobacteria have been reported in more than 30 species and strains including unicellular. The filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 (further referred to as Anabaena sp.) is a model system to study nitrogen fixation, cell differentiation, cell pattern formation and evolution of plastids. It is a multicellular photosynthetic microorganism consisting of two cell types, vegetative cells and nitrogen fixing heterocysts. The nucleotide sequence of the entire genome of a filamentous Cyanobacterium, Anabaena sp. Strain PCC 7120, was determined. This study focuses on the function and dynamics of the proteome of the Gram-negative outer membrane in Anabaena sp.

The implications of diet on health sustainability have assumed a major importance. Microcystis are able to enhance the nutritional content of conventional food and feed preparation and hence to positively affect humans and animal health due to their original chemical compositions, protein contents, antioxidant properties, vitamins and other biologically active compounds. Butylated hydroxytoluene 'BHT' is one of the synthetic antioxidant agents commonly used for food additives. Cyanobactria like Oscillatoria sp. and Microcystis aerungionosa, those are commonly available in the coastal zone of Puri District of Odisha State were capable of producing this compound. Extracts from these two species exhibited various degrees of antioxidant properties when they were tested with free radical scavenging assay. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the extracts of Microcystic aerungionosa, which displayed a similar activity to synthetic BHT. Gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy analysis concluded that the compounds are very similar to the synthetic BHT. This synthetic antioxidant was produced in the cells irradiated with higher light intensity. More BHT was produced in the cells irradiated with a higher light intensity and its production was irradiance dependent. The quantity of cellular BHT displayed a positive correlation with antioxidant activity of the tested species. The present study confirms the production of natural antioxidant like BHT from these two species of Puri District of Odisha State which constitute a potential source for producing natural antioxidant.