A 5-year-old female child presented with easy fatiguability, fever and chest pain of 2 months' duration, prior to which she was asymptomatic. This rare way of presentation of the child made us document the data. The child was immunised for age. She was active, alert and had attained developmental milestones for her age. On systemic examination, shape of the chest appeared normal with no precordial bulging. On palpation, Apex beat was palpable at left 5 th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. There was no evidence of parasternal heave and thrill on examination. First and second heart sounds were heard in all the four cardiac areas and were of normal intensity. Ejection systolic murmur was heard in the 2 nd left intercostal space. Echocardiography revealed dilated, well-circumscribed, homogeneous mass attached to the right ventricular outflow tract causing mild obstruction. Cardiac fibroma, also known as Fibrous hamartoma is a rare primary tumour encountered in infants and children without gender predilection. Fibromas are solitary tumours that are derived from fibroblasts and connective tissue with a matrix containing collagen, located mainly in the ventricular septum. [1] Macroscopically, they present as rounded, white fibrous masses whorled on cut surface. The margin may be either circumscribed or infiltrative. Histologically, fibromas are composed of bland appearing spindle shaped cells arranged in loose intersecting fascicles, which may extend into the surrounding myocardium. A 5-year-old child was referred to the tertiary care hospital, presented with chest pain of 2 months' duration. Echocardiography revealed dilated, homogeneous, well-circumscribed mass attached to the right ventricle with mild right ventricular outflow obstruction. Diagnosis of cardiac fibroma requires a high index of suspicion and correlation with physical and echocardiographic findings. Following surgical excision and histopathological confirmation, the prognosis was excellent.

BACKGROUND Mediastinum is a Pandora's box consisting of variety of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions, which present as masses. Aims and Objectives-The purpose of this study is to emphasise the role of CT-guided Tru-Cut biopsy in early diagnosis of mediastinal lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective descriptive study of the histopathological spectrum of the primary mediastinal lesions in a tertiary care hospital between January 2011 and May 2015. Relevant clinical and radiological details were obtained for each case. Histological examination of the true-cut biopsies and resected specimens was carried out followed by immunohistochemistry for confirmation whenever necessary. RESULTS Of the 32 cases included in the present study, nineteen cases showed lesions in the anterior, five in the posterior and eight in the middle mediastinum. Most of these patients were in the 2 nd decade of life with male preponderance. All these mediastinal lesions were categorised into benign (46.9%), malignant (43.75%) and inflammatory (9.37%), of which the most common malignant lesion was lymphoma (37.5%) followed by thymoma (28.13%) and germ cell tumour (6.25%). Tuberculosis (6.25%) was the commonest inflammatory lesion. The most common lymphoma was nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma (58.33%) and among the thymomas, it was type AB thymoma (44.44%). Thymic tuberculosis, extragonadal thymic germinoma and mediastinal immature teratoma with vascular proliferation were the rare lesions included in this study. The sensitivity and specificity of this study were 72.72% and 75% respectively. CONCLUSION The CT-guided Tru-Cut biopsy is an early diagnostic tool in the evaluation of various mediastinal lesions.

Breast an organ which is constantly under the influence of sex hormones, is one of the frequent site of neoplasm in the human body. Benign breast diseases comprise a heterogeneous group of lesions that present with varying symptoms or detected incidentally. Aims: To evaluate histopathological features of benign breast diseases and proliferative lesions having potential to progress to malignancy. Materials & Methods: All lumpectomy and trucut biopsy specimens referred to the Central Diagnostic Laboratory of the Pathology Department at a tertiary care hospital for histopathological evaluation were enrolled in the study. This was a four year study which included two year retrospective and two year prospective study. H & E sections were studied, special stains and IHC was made use of wherever required. Results: A total of 100 cases were studied. The most common lesion was fibroadenoma (29%) followed by benign followed by benign proliferative breast disease (11%), Gynaecomastia (10%) and fibrocystic change (7%). The proliferative lesions were more common in age group of 40-50 years. In patients with Black Chabon Score of 3, 4 (18.75%) were at increased risk for malignancy. Conclusion: Breast tissue forms one of the major specimens received for histopathological examination. It is thus recommended that all women above the age group of 40 years presenting with a palpable breast lump or a suspicious non-palpable abnormality on screening mammogram to have their lump excised even though the lump is suspected to be benign.