The liquid waste from the production of fruit preserves was used as an alternative carbon source to replace sugar in the traditional Hestrin-Schramm (HS) and coconut water media (CM) and reduce the cost of bacterial cellulose (BC) production. The sugar components of liquid wastes from preserved tamarind (LWT) and preserved mango (LWM) were characterized, and the total sugars were between 237.50 g/L and 231.90 g/L. The effects of the nutrients in the media with LWT and LWM on the production of BC by Acetobacter xylinum were determined. The result showed that A. xylinum could grow and produce BC in the media with liquid waste. The highest concentration of BC, 6.60±0.04 g/L, was obtained from the medium containing 25% (v/v) LWM. In a medium containing LWT, A. xylinum produced a maximum BC of 5.50±0.30 g/L when 12.5% (v/v) LWM was added. However, when the structure and physical properties of the BC from the liquid waste were characterized, it was similar to BC from the HS medium and CM medium without liquid waste.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) producing bacterial strains were isolated from bio-extract (BE). Nine isolates that can produce BC in Hestrin–Schramm medium (HS medium) were identified. The BC production of these isolates was then investigated using agricultural waste as a raw material. The agricultural waste (banana, papaya, dragon fruit, and mango peels) was used as a carbon source for BC production. After incubation, the highest dry weight of BC reached 0.93±0.27 g/L, and 4.07±0.27 g/L was obtained from isolate BE073 in a medium containing mango and dragon fruit peels because the raw materials state is appropriate for bacterial growth. In a medium with papaya peel, the highest dry weight of BC was obtained from isolate BE052 at about 1.08±0.05 g/L. None of the strains was able to grow with the banana medium. However, all the isolate strains could grow and produce BC in the HS medium. The maximum dry weights of BC of 4.31±0.45 g/L, 4.23±0.13 g/L, and 4.21±0.25 g/L were obtained from isolates BE123, BE052, and BE073, respectively, and Acetobacter xylinum produced BC at 2.39±0.11 g/L. The structure and physical properties of BC produced from bacterial isolates using agricultural waste were characterized. It was similar to BC produced from HS medium and production from the reference strain A. xylinum. This study demonstrates the ability for BC production of bacterial strains isolated from bio-extract. It is also demonstrated that agricultural waste is a suitable and alternative carbon source for raw material in BC production