Numerous anthropogenic pressures, including periodic fires, influence the current functioning and structure of tropical savannas. Few scientific studies have focused on the influence of fire on carbon stock despite its impact on climate change. The objective was to contribute to the evaluation of the effects of activities on the woody cover in the high Guinean savannahs of Cameroon. The work took place in the Arrondissements of Ngan'Ha, Ngaoundéré III for the Vina and Mbakaou Departments and Ngaoundal for the Djerem Department. A socio-economic household survey was conducted among 200 people, 100 per department. The results show that 93.60% of respondents stated that the advantages of fires are the renewal of pastures, the cleaning of fields and the facilitation of hunting. As for the disadvantages, they cite the destruction of fields, the burning of houses and granaries; and environmentally, the reduction of agricultural yields, the increase in heat, diseases, and the disappearance of certain animal and especially plant species such as Lophira lanceolata, Carissa edulis, Sarcocephallus latifollius. The main endogenous knowledge developed by the populations for the adaptation and mitigation of climate change are the use of organic fertilizers, awareness against fires, tree planting, fences for the protection of concessions etc. It is urgent to take adequate measures to limit bush fires and the cutting of wood for energy.

The influence of periodic fires in the high Guinean savannas of Cameroon on woody plants and carbon stock is poorly documented. To fill this gap, work was carried out in the high Guinean savannas of Cameroon with the aim of contributing to the assessment of the effects of periodic fires on the woody cover and the carbon stock. The methodology used consists of carrying out semi-structured household surveys and floristic inventories in the Arrondissement of Ngaoundéré III and Ngan’ha, in the Department of Vina. A total of 50 households were interviewed at a rate of 25 per Borough according to a questionnaire prepared beforehand. For the botanical inventories, 02 types of savannah were selected: regularly burnt savannas (shrub savannas, wooded savannas) and those not burned for at least 10 years (shrub savannas, tree savannas). The choice of control savannas was made according to the indications of the peasants. In each of them, the 1km x 20m transects were covered and the diameter at breast height (dbh) of the woody plants was measured using a dbh meter at 1.3 m from the ground for large trees. and at 30 or 50 cm from the ground for shrubs and shrubs. The results show that climate change is palpable in the area. The rains are increasingly rare, the drought has become severe and the agricultural calendar is no longer respected. The specific diversity has become relatively low with 51 species having been inventoried, divided into 46 genera and 23 families. Savannahs that are not burnt produce more biomass than those that are burnt. The perfect illustration is given by the non-burnt tree savannah of Ngaoundere III with an above-ground and root biomass of 102.23 t / ha and 20.70 t / ha respectively. Annona senegalensis (1.27 tC / ha) is the species contributing massively to carbon sequestration in the high savannas of the Vina. Thus, by acting on the availability of plant biomass, fires contribute to the erosion of biodiversity. Adequate measures are urgently needed to limit bushfires.

Numerous anthropogenic pressures, including periodic fires, affect the current functioning and structure of tropical savannas. The objective was to contribute to the evaluation of the effects of fires on the woody cover in the high Guinean savannas of Cameroon. The work took place in the Mbakaou and Ngaoundal districts in the Djerem Division. Floristic inventories were carried out in transects 1 km long and 20 m wide. A total of 100 transects were carried out, covering an area of 30 ha. For each parameter studied, the analysis of variance was performed using XLSTAT and the Excel software was used to produce the graphs. The results show that the specific diversity is globally low with 49 species, 44 genera and 20 families. The most dominant species are Entadaafricana and Piliostigmathonningii. The families of great ecological importance are Fabaceae and Combretaceae. The demographic structure (diameters, heights, dhp) of the savannas follows an "L" shaped distribution. Thus, fires contribute to the erosion of biodiversity. It is urgent to take adequate measures to limit bush fires.