Despite the recognized advantages of the use of BIM in the field of architecture and engineering, the extension of this procedure to the architectural heritage is neither immediate nor critical.<br> The uniqueness and irregularity of historical architecture, on the one hand, and the great quantity of information necessary for the knowledge of architectural heritage, on the other, require appropriate reflections.<br> The aim of this paper is to define a general framework for the use of BIM procedures for architectural heritage.<br> The proposed methodology consists of three different Level of Development (LoD), depending on the characteristics of the building and the objectives of the study: a simplified model with a low geometric accuracy and a minimum quantity of information (LoD 200); a model nearer to the reality but, however, with a high deviation between virtual and real model (LoD 300); a detailed BIM model that reproduce as much as possible the geometric irregularities of the building and is enriched by the maximum quantity of information available (LoD 400).

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The As-Built Model cannot be considered as a simple three-dimensional mould of the studied reality but as a process of analysis, synthesis and communication of architectural complexity including, in addition to geometric-dimensional aspects, also the historical, aesthetic and architectural features of the building. Consequently, the transparency and reliability issues of the digital visualization constitutes, as well as for the field of archaeology, a matter of primary importance in the modelling of cultural heritage. The increasing interest of scholars in the application of Building Information Modelling (BIM) to historical buildings has renewed the problems related to the reliability of the As-built, related not only to the relationship between the model and the measure, but also to the other information, for example the constructive technologies. Based on the survey and modelling of some case studies, the paper's aim is to define a reference standard for the reliability declaration of the As-Built HBIM models, which considers both the geometric and information aspects.</p>

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Abstract:The urban landscape of the city of L'Aquila has undergone profound changes because of the 2009 earthquake. In particular, there has been a gap between the tangible immanence of places, outcome of history that brought them to the present, and the dimension of the intangible as the intersection between memory and everyday life. In this context, applications of augmented reality offer themselves as an instrument of intersection between history and memory. Augmented reality becomes a complex storytelling tool, where the balance between the authoritative aspect of history and the participative re-meaning of urban sites can be summarized.

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