Batoids are among the least studied group of vertebrates and one of the most vulnerable to fishing. The rasptail skate, Rostroraja velezi, is a bycatch species in northern Peru for which there are no studies on its diet. This research aims to document the diet of R. velezi on the northern Peruvian coast and to determine if there are sex-based differences in the diet. A total of 74 R. velezi stomachs were collected, 59 of which had stomach contents. The cumulative prey curve showed reliability in the number of samples collected. According to the prey-specific index of relative importance, diet was dominated by Acanthephyra sp. (31%), other unidentified Caridea (15%), and unidentified teleosts (17%). A low significant difference in diet between sexes was found (R = 0.21, P < 0.01). The trophic position of R. velezi was 3.9 ± 0.7. This species displays bentopelagic feeding behavior and it is a secondary predator in northern Peru.
Dentro de los vertebrados, los batoideos son uno de los grupos menos estudiados y uno de los más vulnerables a la pesquería. La raya bruja Rostroraja velezi es un depredador en hábitats demersales. En el Perú, éste batoideo es capturado incidentalmente y no existen estudios sobre su ecología, incluyendo su dieta. El objetivo del estudio es determinar la dieta de R. velezi en el norte del Perú a través del análisis de contenido estomacal. Las muestras fueron colectadas en el muelle de Los Órganos (región Piura), entre 2016 al 2019. Sus capturas provienen de la pesca incidental de la pesquería artesanal de la merluza peruana (Merluccius gayi peruanus). Un total de 74 estómagos fueron colectados, de los cuales 59 presentaron contenido estomacal. Las rayas midieron entre 47.6 y 81.9 cm de longitud total (34.5-83.5 cm de ancho del disco). La curva acumulativa de presas mostró una tendencia asintótica para ambos niveles taxonómicos (< 0.1), y una confiabilidad en el número de muestras colectadas. La dieta comprendió 8 niveles taxonómicos, de los cuales dominaron Acanthephyra sp. (31% PSIRI), decápodos no identificados (15% PSIRI) y teleósteos no identificados (17% PSIRI). Se determinó una baja diferencia significativa en la dieta entre sexos (R= 0.21; p-valor <0.01). Además la posición trófica fue de 3.9 ± 0.7. Conclusión: R. velezi presenta un comportamiento alimenticio bentopelágico y es considerado predominantemente un depredador secundario en el norte del Perú. Este estudio representa el segundo reporte sobre dieta de R. velezi para el Pacífico sudeste y el primero para Perú. Por lo que representa una línea base para futuras investigaciones de dieta en la familia Rajidae en esta zona del Pacífico Sudeste.
This preliminarily study aims at increasing our understanding of an assemblage of coastal batoids on the northern coast of Peru by determining species composition, body size structure and its behaviour in Los Órganos bay, Piura. During 20 field trips in Los Organos Bay, Piura region, between the years 2016, 2017, and 2019, eighty-six individuals were sampled belonging to eight species: Zapteryx xyster (n= 22), Narcine entemedor (n= 11), Urobatis tumbesensis (n= 7), Urotrygon chilensis (n= 40), Pseudobatos planiceps (n= 1), Urobatis halleri (n= 1), Gymnura crebripunctata (n= 2), Aetobatus laticeps (n= 2). In the study area, a predominance of adult females was observed for Z. xyster, N. entemedor and U. chilensis. These preliminary results suggest that during the morning some batoid species (i.e., Z. xyster, N. entemedor, U. chilensis) use the coastal zone to rest since they are found inactive and partially or totally buried in the sand – N. entemedor could be also hunting through ambush. Future studies should determine if this is a gestation area for some of these batoid species.
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