Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic dermatosis, with onset of disease often manifesting in early infancy. Past studies evaluating the early use of moisturisers in the prevention of AD had mixed results. Objectives:To compare the incidence of moderate or severe AD and total incidence of AD in a cohort of 'at-risk' infants treated with moisturisers from the first 2 weeks of life, to a similar group without moisturisers. Methods:We performed a single-centre, prospective, parallel-group, randomised study in infants with at least 2 first-degree relatives with atopy. Subjects were randomised into either a treatment group with moisturisers or a control group without moisturisers. Participants were assessed at 2, 6, and 12 months for AD and if present, the severity was assessed using SCORAD index. We also compared the overall incidence of AD, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum (SC) hydration, pH, and incidence of food and environmental sensitisation and allergies between both groups. Genotyping for loss-offunctions mutations in the FLG gene was conducted.Results: A total of 200 subjects were recruited, with 100 subjects in each arm. There was no significant difference in incidence of moderate or severe AD, and total incidence of AD at 12 months between the treatment and control groups. There was a lower mean SCORAD in the treatment group than in the control group, but no significant difference in TEWL, SC hydration, and skin pH. No significant side-effects were reported. Conclusions:The early use of moisturisers in 'atrisk' infants does not reduce the incidence of moderate-to-severe AD and overall incidence of AD in infancy.

Degos disease, also termed malignant atrophic papulosis, is a rare systemic vaso-occlusive disorder, seldom reported in the pediatric population. The pathognomonic skin lesion in Degos disease is a papule with an atrophic porcelain-white center with an erythematous, telangiectatic rim. The benign form of the disease remains limited to the skin, whereas, in others, it progresses to thrombotic vasculopathy in multiple organs including the gastrointestinal, cardiorespiratory, and central nervous systems, with a high mortality rate. We present a rare case of Degos disease in an adolescent female, presenting as acute renal failure secondary to thrombotic vasculopathy, with the characteristic skin lesion distinctively seen on dermoscopy.

Meconium peritonitis (MP) is a rare etiology for nonimmune hydrops fetalis. We report a neonate delivered at 32 weeks' gestation in the context of antenatally diagnosed hydrops fetalis and first-trimester screening at high risk for Trisomy 21. The postnatal abdominal radiograph was striking for gross ascites, the paucity of bowel gas, and widespread calcifications, suggestive of MP and chromosomal analysis confirmed Trisomy 21. Exploratory laparotomy performed on day 3 of life revealed a large pseudocyst, ileal atresia with ileal perforation. MP masquerading as nonimmune hydrops fetalis in Trisomy 21 with ileal atresia is an extremely rare presentation, seldom reported in the literature.