No abstract

Summary This paper presents a novel dispatch strategy of distributed generators (DGs) in microgrid for reliability improvement. Energy index of reliability is considered for improvement along with minimization of system losses, system voltage deviation, and cost of DGs. These objectives depend on many criteria like price of DG power, renewable DG power availability, and system loading. The dispatch strategy is developed using bat optimization algorithm. The proposed algorithm is implemented for four seasons: winter, spring, summer, and autumn. For each season, hourly optimal schedules are obtained while maintaining reliability and optimizing objectives. Further, the proposed algorithm is tested for future load enhancement and future price of renewable DGs. The effect of the future load and renewable DG price changes on optimal DG dispatch is tested with IEEE 33 bus distribution system having mixed loads like industrial, residential, and commercial. The feasibility and benefits of the proposed technique are demonstrated with obtained results.

The authors present a novel concept of virtual system operator (VSO) and its mechanism. This mechanism aims to determine load consumption pattern on day-ahead basis which suits all the involved entities individually in real-time pricing environment. The demand profile is scheduled by every consumer by performing demand response (DR) without having to coordinate with other consumers in the system. In the process flow, the VSO which remains in communication with the system operator and the consumer relays information regarding day-ahead electricity tariff to consumers. Based on which the consumers simultaneously perform DR to optimise their electricity bill and forward the schedule to the VSO. This process repeats iteratively until a balanced price profile as well as load schedule is established in the system. Such schedules are capable of reducing dynamics in the electricity market. The proposed concept is demonstrated through three different types of consumers. These consumers realise DR through different objective functions and up to different extents. Ultimately, the load schedules are obtained for all individual users and corresponding price profile which suits every entity of the system.

No abstract