Background This study aims to carry out the vitrification freezing of a large ovarian tissue in the human body, and evaluate its feasibility. Results A total of 18 ovarian tissues in the human body were selected, and each tissue was cut into three large ovarian cortex slices. These tissues were randomly divided into three groups: vitrification freezing group (group A), programmed freezing group (group B), and fresh control group (group C). Then, the morphological analysis and apoptosis detection of each ovarian tissue was carried out, followed by the recycling of ovarian tissues at three weeks after the heterotransplantation of nude mice, in order to detect the follicle preservation conditions. The immunohistochemistory method was applied to detect the follicle activity. In comparing the proportion of primordial follicle with normal morphology after unfreezing between group A and group B, the difference was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of follicle apoptosis in group A and group B was higher than that in the group C ( P < 0.05). However, when comparing between group A and group B, the difference was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). The interstitial cell apoptosis rate in group A was lower than that of the group B, showing that the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Compared with programmed freezing, the vitrification freezing of large ovarian tissues in the human body was feasible to a certain extent. This can be used as an alternative scheme to realize the freeze preservation of ovarian tissues in the human body.

The sustainable development of the Yellow River Basin (YRB) is regarded as a national strategy for China. Previous literature has focused on the green efficiency measurement of YRB, ignoring its evolution process and influential mechanism. This paper tries to disclose the spatial-temporal evolution of green efficiency and its influential mechanism of the YRB region by proposing a novel integrated DEA-Tobit model to fill the gap. Based on the development path of the YRB region, the multi-period two-stage DEA model is adopted to evaluate the green development efficiency (GDE) from provincial and urban dimensions. In addition, the panel Tobit model is developed to investigate the influential factors of the GDE for the YRB region. The GDE in the YRB region shows an unbalanced state where the downstream is best, followed by the middle and upstream. The unbalanced development also exists within the province. Both Henan and Shandong Province achieved the optimal value, while cities in these two provinces show lower green efficiency. The results also show that economic development, technological innovation and foreign capital utilization obviously affect the GDE of the YRB region positively, while industrial structure, urbanization levels and environmental regulation have negative effects.

Objective This study aimed to compare the survival outcome of 3 different treatment groups (arterial interventional chemotherapy or intravenous chemotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy) for locally advanced cervical cancer. Methods A total of 187 patients with pathological stage IB3–IIB cervical cancer (cervical squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, or adenocarcinoma) hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2013 to May 2019 were included. Therefore, this article is a retrospective study. We collected data from all eligible patients. And all according to the treatment methods at that time, they were divided into three subgroups: (1) 40 patients who received neoadjuvant arterial interventional chemotherapy + surgery + postoperative chemotherapy (IA-NAC + RS), (2) 63 patients who received neoadjuvant intravenous chemotherapy + surgery + postoperative chemotherapy (IV-NAC + RS), (3) 84 patients who only received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Notably, 108 of these patients met the 5-year follow-up period, and 187 patients met the 3-year follow-up period only. Consequently, we compared 5-year survival and 3-year survival separately. The prognosis (5-year survival and 3-year survival) of the three groups and the chemotherapy efficacy, intraoperative blood loss, operation time, and postoperative pathological risk factors of different subgroups were compared. Results (1) There were no significant differences in the 3-year overall survival (OS) rate, 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate, 5-year OS rate, and 5-year PFS rate among the three subgroups (p > 0.05). (2) The chemotherapy response rates of IA-NAC+RS group (37.5%) and IV-NAC+RS group (25.4%) were comparable (p > 0.05). (3) The intraoperative blood loss in the IA-NAC+RS group (average 92.13±84.09 mL) was significantly lower than that in the IV-NAC+RS group (average 127.2±82.36 mL) (p < 0.05). (4) The operation time of the IA-NAC+RS group (average 231.43±63.10 min) and the IV-NAC+RS group (average 219.82±49.11 min) were comparable (p > 0.05). (5) There were no significant differences between the IA-NAC+RS group and IV-NAC+RS group in pathological lymph node metastasis, parametrial invasion, and involvement of lymphovascular space (p > 0.05). Conclusions Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgery had the same long-term survival benefit as concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy and prognosis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (arterial interventional chemotherapy and intravenous chemotherapy) combined with surgery and concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. Methods A total of 187 patients with stage IB3-IIB cervical cancer hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2013 to May 2019 were included in this study. According to the inclusion criteria, these patients were pathologically confirmed to be cervical squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma or adenocarcinoma and completed the treatment according to the established protocol. According to the treatment methods, they were divided into three groups: neoadjuvant arterial interventional chemotherapy + surgery + chemotherapy group (IA-NAC + RS) which included 40 patients, neoadjuvant intravenous chemotherapy + surgery + chemotherapy group (IV-NAC + RS) which included 63 patients and concurrent chemoradiotherapy group (CCRT) which included 84 patients. The prognosis of the three groups and the chemotherapy efficacy, intraoperative blood loss, operation time and postoperative pathological risk factors of different neoadjuvant therapy groups were compared. Results ①There were no significant differences in the 3-year overall survival (OS) rate, 3-year progression free survival (PFS) rate, 5-year OS rate, and 5-year PFS rate among the three groups (p > 0.05). ②The chemotherapy response rates of IA-NAC + RS group (37.5%) and IV-NAC + RS group (25.4%) were comparable (p > 0.05). ③The intraoperative blood loss in the IA-NAC + RS group (average 92.13 ± 84.09ml) was lower than that in the IV-NAC + RS group (average 127.2 ± 82.36ml), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). ④The operation time of the IA-NAC + RS group (average 231.43 ± 63.10min) and the IV-NAC + RS group (average 219.82 ± 49.11min)were comparable (p > 0.05). ⑤There were no significant differences between the IA-NAC + RS group and IV-NAC + RS group in postoperative pathological lymph node metastasis, parametrial invasion and involvement of lymphovascular space (p > 0.05). Conclusions Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgery had the same long-term survival benefit as concurrent chemoradiotherapy; neoadjuvant arterial chemotherapy could achieve better short-term efficacy than neoadjuvant intravenous chemotherapy without increasing the risk of postoperative pathological risk factors.