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The purpose of this study was to construct a valid and reliable instrument to determine the competencies needed to manage the health & fitness clubs and indoor facilities of Youth & Sport Organizations in the Greek Municipalities. For the purposes of the study we used (with permission) the competencies of sport managers instrument constructed by Dr KL Toh. This questionnaire comprised 96 competency statements translated into Greek with reverse translation. Following standard procedures and with the help of five academic experts from Greece, six directors of the health & fitness clubs and indoor facilities of Youth & Sport Organizations of the municipalities constructed the final version of the questionnaire, comprising 72 questions. The instrument was then administered to a sample of 101 managers. Results analysis of the internal validity revealed that the Cronbach's alpha was 0.95. Exploratory factor analysis revealed eight factors comprising 69 competency statements: management techniques (15 items), sport science, (13 items), event management (10 items), public relations (8 items), computer skills/research (8 items), facilities management (5 items), governance (5 items), and safety/injury prevention (5 items). Further internal consistency of each factor revealed Cronbach's alpha coefficients from 0.76 to 0.97. It is concluded that the questionnaire developed in this study is a reliable and valid instrument to measure the competencies of the managers of health & fitness clubs and indoor facilities.

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The aim of the present study was the evaluation of the Physical Education (P.E.) book for pupils in the 5th and 6th Classes of Junior School by the pupils themselves with regard (a) to its content, (b) its educational suitability and its sufficiency as a teaching aid, (c) its structure and organization, and, (d) its overall appearance and illustration. A specially drawn up questionnaire with a graded evaluation scale, Likert type, was used as a tool of assessment. The questionnaire was anonymous and was distributed to the students by their P.E. teachers. The sample comprised 4,391 pupils from the 5th and 6th classes Greek Junior Schools. The t-test, the one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), with the Tukey Post Hoc Test, and the Pearson's (r) correlation coefficient were used for the analyses of the data and the statistical significance level was less than 0.05. Overall, the results showed that the pupils rated the P.E. pupils' book very highly with regard to its content, moderatelyregarding the educational suitability and sufficiency as a teaching aid, very good both with regard to its structure and organization and its general appearance and illustration However, the pupils from rural areas gave more positive picture to the book while the girls from the 5th and 6th classes rated the book more highly than the boys. Finally, the pupils considered the learning of a number of varied kinetic activities and information about how to live a healthy life, to be the most interesting aspects of the book. Generally, a positive view of the P.E. pupils' book was conveyed by the pupils.

The multiple linear regression method was used to model the relationship among infl uence of body aesthetics, perceived benefi t of body aesthetics and infl uence of media to perceived body aesthetics. Four alternative models were developed in order to lead to a better understanding of the signifi cance of others ' opinions to the perceived body aesthetics. We address the core research themes of our study using a survey. The research hypotheses aim to test students ' attitudes regarding to body aesthetics, in order to understand this modern raising issue (as an effective psychographic segmentation criterion) in the planning of modern marketing strategies of sporting goods. For this reason, we investigate the effect of some of the general behavioural descriptors regarding to social class. The convenience sample included 401 students (interested in sporting activities) from three different Greek universities (eight departments). Our intention is to reach students with different experiences, attitudes, educational and family background. Data were collected by means of face-to-face interviews during the ten-week period. According to the research results, we accept the fourth hypothesis (H 4 ), which means that model 4 better predicts perceived body aesthetics. The fi ndings of this study have some interesting implications not only for marketing managers of sporting goods but also for policy-makers.