No abstract

Metastasis and invasion occur in the majority of epithelial ovarian carcinoma at diagnosis. To delineate the molecular signature in ovarian cancer invasion, we established and characterized a human ovarian endometrioid carcinoma (EC) cell line OVTW59-P0 and its invasion-related sublines (P1-P4, in the order of increasing invasive activity). P4 showed faster migration and larger xenograft formation with metastasis than P0. By microarray analysis of different gene expression among P0-P4 sublines, one group of gene was found negatively correlated with cancer invasion. Among these genes, IGFBP-3 was identified as one of the most remarkably suppressed gene that showed lower gene expression in P4 than P0. Re-expression of IGFBP-3 in P4 effectively inhibited cell migration, invasion and metastasis, but did not affect cell proliferation. In 35 patients with EC tumors, low IGFBP-3 expression correlated clinically with higher tumor grade, advanced stage and poor survival. Our results provide evidence and indicate that IGFBP-3 plays an important role as an invasion-metastasis suppressor in ovarian EC.

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The CCA-IMT increases with age and its determinants are associated with age and gender. The rapid increase in cardiovascular risk factors in women after 55 years of age attenuates the female advantage in CCA-IMT.

Endometrial stromal tumors are rare uterine tumors (<1%). Four main categories include endometrial stromal nodule, low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS), high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (HG-ESS), and uterine undifferentiated sarcoma (UUS). This review is a series of articles discussing the uterine sarcomas. LG-ESS, a hormone-dependent tumor harboring chromosomal rearrangement, is an indolent tumor with a favorable prognosis, but characterized by late recurrences even in patients with Stage I disease, suggesting the requirement of a long-term follow-up. Patients with HG-ESS, based on the identification of YWHAE-NUTM2A/B (YWHAE-FAM22A/B) gene fusion, typically present with advanced stage diseases and frequently have recurrences, usually within a few years after initial surgery. UUS is, a high-grade sarcoma, extremely rare, lacking a specific line of differentiation, which is a diagnosis of exclusion (the wastebasket category, which fails to fulfill the morphological and immunohistochemical criteria of translocation-positive ESS). Surgery is the main strategy in the management of uterine sarcoma. Due to rarity, complex biological characteristics, and unknown etiology and risk factors of uterine sarcomas, the role of adjuvant therapy is not clear. Only LG-ESS might respond to progestins or aromatase inhibitors.