The composition of the surface waxes of three apple ( Malus domesticaL.) cultivars ("Florina", "Golden B" and "Ozark Gold") has been studied by means of spectroscopic and GC-MS analysis of the class-fractionated mixture of components. Odd n-alkanes, mainly C(27) and C(29) molecules, are prevalent in the saturated fraction. Small concentrations of alkenes were also found; the C(28:1) component is strongly (72%) in excess over the other 1-alkenes. Straight-chain esters (mainly of palmitic acid) of saturated primary alcohols (C(18)-C(30)) were also detected; whereas the acyl moiety is made up essentially of an even number of carbons, the alcohol counterpart does not exhibit this characteristic. Aldehydes are present (C(20)-C(30)) with the homologue patterns C(26)-C(30) most strongly represented. Straight-chain free secondary alcohols characterize the waxes of "Florina" and "Ozark Gold"; the hydroxy function is located far from the extremity of the carbon framework. Outstanding is the presence of three alcohols with 29 carbon centres. These alcohols are accompanied by free straight-chain primary alcohols, mainly with even-numbered carbon chains in the range C(26)-C(30). Free fatty acids are present; all of have a framework of even-numbered carbon chains mainly in the range C(16)-C(20). C(18:1) (oleic acid) is well represented.

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The natural α-amino acid phenylhydrazides 1a−d readily react with the aldehydes 2a−d and ketones 2e−h to produce the 3-(phenylamino)imidazolidin-4-one derivatives 4 in good yields. Their structures were confirmed by X-ray structural analysis. Polycyclic systems were obtained from the reaction of L-tryptophan phenylhydrazide (1d) and L-histidine phenylhydrazide (1e) with benzaldehyde (2c), which gave 1,10-di-

α-Amino acids and α-amino methyl esters are easily converted to their N-monoalkyl derivatives by a reductive condensation reaction using several carbonyl compounds in the presence of sodium borohydride. This reducing agent has shown a wide versatility with minor but essential procedural variations. The reaction allows the α-monodeuterium labeling of the new N-substituent by use of sodium borodeuteride

One of the most important manufacturing areas of the Friuli Venezia Giulia region is the territory close to Pordenone, the Livenza furniture district. This industrial district, consisting of industries of wood, wood and cork products, furniture, straw articles, and weave materials, located in 11 municipalities of that area, was the first Italian district to obtain the Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) Registration in 2006. Data and information from a questionnaire compiled by more than 100 firms and 11 municipalities of the district were used to draw up the territorial environmental analysis (TEA). For the EMAS registration renewal, obtained in 2016, the TEA was updated by reviewing the methodology of the environmental impact evaluation: the ecological footprint (EF) was compared with the carrying capacity (CC) of that area. The results put in light that the EF was greater than the CC. Several actions for reducing the environmental impacts of the district activities were highlighted.