blood-based traumatic brain injury (TBI) biomarkers has exploded over the last two decades and continues to grow at an unwavering pace. Commercialization of these biomarkers is ongoing, with a number of companies seeking United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval to market their tests for clinical applications. Although there are an abundance of articles being published, many lack the rigorous methods and reporting required to adequately evaluate these markers for clinical use. Too often, there are inadequate sample sizes, inappropriate control groups and outcome measures, variable definitions of TBI, and differences in when samples are drawn relative to time of injury. Importantly, variability in how samples are processed and performance characteristics of the assays themselves are rarely known or incompletely described. It is time to raise the bar for how bloodbased TBI biomarker research is conducted, and to encourage researchers, laboratories, and companies (producing and/or running assays) to perform at a higher standard. In the recently published study by Posti and coworkers, the performance of glial and neuronal biomarkers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) was compared between CT negative mild TBI patients (based on American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine [ACRM] criteria) 1 and orthopedic control patients. 2 Proteomic analyses of GFAP and UCH-L1 were conducted at Randox Laboratories Ltd. (Crumlin, County Antrim, United Kingdom) with Randox Biochip technology. Blood samples were drawn, when available, on days 1, 2, 3, and 7 after patients' admission to the hospital, and at a late time point somewhere between 3 and 10 months after the injury. The authors found no significant differences in the concentrations of GFAP or UCH-L1 between mild TBI patients with a negative CT (n = 55) and orthopedic control patients (n = 44). This is in contrast to the findings from previous studies comparing orthopedic controls to mild TBI patients (also based on ACRM definition) 1 with and without intracranial lesions on CT. 3-6 In a recently published study in JAMA Neurology, which enrolled 584 trauma patients within 4 h of injury, GFAP (p < 0.001) and UCH-L1 (p = 0.049) were both significantly higher in CT nega