These data indicate that skin and core temperatures contribute linearly to the control of vasoconstriction and shivering in men and that the cutaneous contributions average approximately 20% in both men and women. The same coefficients thus can be used to compensate for experimental skin temperature manipulations in men and women. However, the cutaneous contributions to each response vary among volunteers; furthermore, the contributions to the two responses vary within volunteers.

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Endovascular treatment of chronic postthrombotic femoroiliocaval venous disease is a safe technique that can be performed with acceptable patency rates in this challenging patient population.