Site layout planning is a critical factor for the successful execution of any construction project. As cities develop, site logistics becomes an essential planning aspect for any construction project. Project sites in tight neighbourhoods lead to not just space constraints but also challenges to approach, material handling, and pollution control. Site layout planning has been in practice in the industry, however, limited to a traditional approach of a pre-construction assignment, rather than a dynamic system to analyse construction sites in terms of both space and time. Material handling and delays related to waiting for materials add to a considerable amount of waste during the execution of projects. The paper here explores minimisation of wastes on construction sites, as defined by Lean Construction, using a BIM model highlighting the construction site layout planning to visualise the various aspects of space constraints, access routes, safety considerations, and a visual approach to progress monitoring and reporting. The research follows a case study analysis to develop an understanding of the present scenario, based on which a proposed scenario has been developed to elaborate on the improvements. The paper concludes with a summary of wastes observed and minimised, along with benefits observed through BIM implementation.

The research aims to demonstrate the role of BIM and construction management tools as Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in enabling efficient production planning, monitoring, and control, which helps streamline construction project delivery. The research demonstrates the importance of effective communication through efficient information management by deploying digital technology that helps overcome inherent inefficiencies and wastes in the construction management processes. The research follows a case study-based approach to highlight the success of deploying ICT for efficient production management through improved collaboration and communication on an Instructional Building project in California. The research demonstrates the success of ICT in enabling efficient production planning by allowing accurate visualisation of the sequence of works to be executed. With accurate and timely updates from site, multiple trades have been able to communicate effectively, thereby enabling effective control of any issues or deviation. The result was a 6-weeks early completion of the project than initially planned. While ICT has played a crucial role in streamlining construction project delivery over the past few decades, this research dives deeper into understanding where the improvement stems from, i.e., the quality of information offered by technology and its best use towards driving efficiency and collaboration within the project teams. Inefficiencies are common across the construction industry stemming from inaccurate project planning and control. With ICT and its efficient deployment, project teams can define accurate production sequencing, visualise the flow of work, and take proactive decisions to control the impact on schedule. The research provides process-based key insights by focusing on the critical aspects of ICT for data visualisation, data sharing, and data analysis, that helped take informed planning and control decisions for efficient production management for successful early completion of the project.

There is significant evidence of successful lean implementation at the project level. However, there is limited evidence of lean percolating through organisations in both literature, as well as industry. While the critical aspects of strategic adoption of lean to overcome organisational resistance have been clearly highlighted, the implementation is in most cases limited to select projects and not all projects across an organisation's portfolio.Despite proven benefits on projects within their own portfolio and the knowledge and skills for successfully implementing lean, organisations still fail to change their approach towards continuous improvement and driving efficiency as a whole. The paper here focuses on the need for a revised approach towards the adoption and sustenance of lean within companies at a business level by highlighting the importance of culture across the company's portfolio.The authors reflect on their experience of working with client and contractor organisations across multiple projects to review the difference in the maturity and implementation of lean. Following this, the authors corroborate their findings from discussion with a major public sector body and its supply chain on their lean journey over the last decade, to shed light on the approach needed today for successful lean implementation for organisation-wide sustenance.

The construction industry is often criticised for lacking a holistic view on applying Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to improve project efficiency. Integration of the three core organisational aspects of people, process, and Information Technology (IT) must be realised to bring true benefits in construction project delivery. However, the industry has not yet reached significant maturity in achieving this synchronisation.The research follows a case study-based approach where the authors were involved in the implementation of an ICT solution that helped streamline project planning and execution through effective collaboration on a Data Centre retrofitting project in USA.The research demonstrates the importance of effective communication through efficient information management by deploying ICT which helped overcome inherent process inefficiencies and challenges on the case study project. Based on the observations, the authors have proposed a framework that highlights the interaction of ICT, people, and process, and mapped the results achieved on this project through their integration.