Background: Patient’s perception of own facial appearance is also an important contributing factor for treatment planning. Also, knowledge and attitude of patients to orthodontic treatment is becoming more important in orthodontics these days. The study aimed to assess self-perception, awareness and attitude towards orthodontic treatment among dental students and interns. Methods: Data was collected through cross-sectional survey conducted among the dental students and dental interns in KIST Medical College through online google form. Study duration was from August 2021 - October 2021. The data was entered in SPSS software 20. Frequency distribution was generated for all variables. Categorical variables were evaluated using Chi-square test. Results: About 96.7% of the participants believe that orthodontic treatment will improve facial appearance. 61.5% believe that orthodontic treatment is a lengthy and painful procedure. 44.5% does not think orthodontic treatment weakens the teeth. 50% of female believe that orthodontic treatment will give the promising result. Statistically significant difference was obtained with respect to preference of different types of braces among students of different years. 54.9% of the participants are satisfied with the arrangements of their teeth, 20.9% had avoid smiling and 22.5% felt lack of confidence because of the appearance of their teeth. Almost half of the participants (50.5%) think they should have orthodontic treatment and 76.2% readily agree to orthodontic treatment if suggested by the dentist. Conclusions: Dental students and interns had a good knowledge about orthodontic treatment and positive attitude towards it. Gender difference exists regarding the awareness of orthodontic treatment. Statistically significant difference was found in preference of different types of braces in students of different years and interns.

Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide accounting for 90% of all malignant oral lesions with high mortality and a five-year survival rate of about 50%. Various studies have shown mast cells regulate carcinogenesis by immunosuppression, angiogenesis enhancement, and promotion of tumor cell mitosis. Aim Hence, the present study was aimed to compare mast cell counts in normal oral mucosa with histological grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma by using toluidine blue stain. Methodology Sixty formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples included 15 well-differentiated, 15 moderately differentiated, and 15 poorly differentiated OSCC, as well as 15 cases of the normal oral mucosa (control), were sectioned and stained with 1% toluidine blue. Results We observed that the mean mast cell (MMC) count was comparatively more in normal mucosa than in various grades of OSCC. It was higher in low-grade OSCC. However, the differences between grades were not statistically significant. Conclusion In the present study, according to the results obtained, the MMC count was significantly decreased in OSCC in comparison with normal oral mucosa. Therefore, it can be assumed that mast cells could serve as an indicator of tumor progression.

Objectives: Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity is the most common aggressive epithelial malignant neoplasm. Its biological behavior is influenced by the host immune cells, such as multifaceted eosinophils, associated with wound healing and tissue damage processes. Their presence within a variety of human cancers raises queries about their role. The infiltrations of tumor stroma by eosinophils are believed to play a significant role in progression of the carcinoma and could be either a potential diagnostic tool for stromal invasion or as a prognostic indicator. Its role in cancer still remains unclear since in the literature, there are very few studies showing improved prognosis and few contradictory studies showing poor prognosis. This study was conducted with an aim to compare the tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal tissue and to correlate the expression in different grades of carcinoma using a special stain that targets eosinophils exclusively and vividly. Materials and Methods: The study includes 30 samples, six normal, and 24 histopathologically diagnosed with OSCC. 5 μ thick sections were made and stained using special stain and examined under high power (×40), ten consecutive microscopic fields were studied. The average numbers of eosinophils were statistically analyzed. Results: Eosinophil count for carcinoma was higher compared to normal mucosa, but the comparison in different grades of cancer did not show much difference. Conclusion: Since eosinophil count was higher in carcinoma, eosinophil infiltration in dysplastic cases should prompt thorough evaluation for invasiveness.