There has been a growing interest over the past few years in the impact of male nutrition on fertility. Infertility has been linked to male overweight or obesity, and conventional semen parameter values seem to be altered in case of high body mass index (BMI). A few studies assessing the impact of BMI on sperm DNA integrity have been published, but they did not lead to a strong consensus. Our objective was to explore further the relationship between sperm DNA integrity and BMI, through a 3-year multicentre study. Three hundred and thirty male partners in subfertile couples were included. Using the terminal uridine nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assay, we observed an increased rate of sperm DNA damage in obese men (odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 2.5 (1.2-5.1)).
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the impact of diabetes self-management education (DSME) in improving processes and outcomes of diabetes care as measured by a five component diabetes bundle and HbA1c, in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for adult T2DM patients who received DSME training in 2011–2012 from an accredited American Diabetes Association center at Intermountain Healthcare (IH) and had an HbA1c measurement within the prior 3 months and 2–6 months after completing their first DSME visit. Control patients were selected from the same clinics as case-patients using random number generator to achieve a 1 to 4 ratio. Case and control patients were included if 1) pre-education HbA1c was between 6.0%–14.0%; 2) their main provider was a primary care physician; 3) they met the national Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set criteria for inclusion in the IH diabetes registry. The IH diabetes bundle includes retinal eye exam, nephropathy screening or prescription of angiotensin converting enzyme or angiotensin receptor blocker; blood pressure <140/90 mmHg, LDL <100 mg/dL, HbA1c <8.0%.ResultsDSME patients had a significant difference in achievement of the five element IH diabetes bundle and in HbA1c % compared to those without DSME. After adjusting for possible confounders in a multivariate logistic regression model, DSME patients had a 1.5 fold difference in improvement in their diabetes bundle and almost a 3 fold decline in HbA1c compared to the control group.ConclusionStandardized DSME taught within an IH American Diabetes Association center is strongly associated with a substantial improvement in patients meeting all five elements of a diabetes bundle and a decline in HbA1c beyond usual care. Given the low operating cost of the DSME program, these results strongly support the value adding benefit of this program in treating T2DM patients.
Contexte : Parmi les maladies chroniques, la santé mentale est une priorité de santé publique en France et aux États-Unis. Si des progrès sont possibles en France, l’expérience d’ Intermountain Healthcare (IH), Utah, aux États-Unis, peut être source d’expérimentations probantes. Objectif : Identifier les enseignements de l’intégration clinique des spécialistes en santé mentale avec la médecine de ville de soins primaires, appelé Mental Health Integration (MHI) qui pourraient être utiles en France. Méthodes : Cette recherche s’appuie sur l’analyse qualitative de données issues de travaux entre experts, de recherches bibliographiques, et de regroupements par item correspondant aux trois objectifs du Triple Aim de l’ Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI). Résultats : MHI réalise les objectifs du Triple Aim d’IHI : la satisfaction de l’usager ; l’amélioration de la santé de la population ; la réduction des coûts des soins de santé par habitant. MHI améliore le modèle des soins chroniques ( Chronic Care Model ) en y intégrant une équipe de spécialistes en santé mentale créant une équipe pluridisciplinaire centrée sur les besoins des patients et de leur famille. Cela crée une prise en charge multidisciplinaire globale protocolisée, stratifiée, planifiée et suivie des pathologies mentales par le continuum. La prévention et les soins ambulatoires intégrant les soins spécialisés de second recours aux soins de premier recours, sont développés. Les usagers et leurs familles sont co-responsables de leur santé. L’évaluation, systématique, se base sur des indicateurs spécifiques. Discussion : L’efficience et l’efficacité clinique et organisationnelle créées permettent des économies pour l’Assurance maladie ainsi que l’accroissement de l’égalité d’accès aux soins et à la santé.
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