In severely obese patients, surgically-induced weight loss is associated with significant decrease in the heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization. The reduction of spatial (QTc-d, JTc-d) and transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) may be of clinical significance, by reducing the risk of potentially fatal arrhythmias in morbidly obese subjects.

Fertility preservation before gonadotoxic therapy is of great importance to patients with cancer and must be indicate before the start of treatment.

Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome is a rare congenital soft-tissue anomaly which is characterized by the presence of multiple hemangiomata, arteriovenous fistulas and limb hypertrophy. We report the ultrasound findings in two cases of early prenatal diagnosis at 17 and 18 weeks of gestation. The pathogenesis of the syndrome and involvement of the cardiovascular system are discussed.

Fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly (VM) is defined as an enlargement of the lateral ventricles of the developing fetal brain. It is diagnosed when the width of one or both lateral ventricles, measured at the level of the atrium, is ≥10 mm. Ventriculomegaly is defined as mild when the atrial width is 10 to 12 mm, moderate 12.1 to 15 mm, and severe >15 mm. It can be isolated, but often is a sign of different pathological conditions. Since the prognosis in cases of VM depends mainly on the associated anomalies, a careful examination of the fetus, particularly of the brain, is mandatory. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be a useful diagnostic tool complementary to ultrasound in order to recognize subtle brain anomalies, such as neuronal migration and proliferation disorders. In this review article, the diagnostic workup, the counseling, and the outcome of fetal VM are discussed.

Malformations of the posterior fossa include multiple entities which have been described in the recent years using different terminologies, thus causing some confusion in the literature about this topic. They can be divided into two main categories: Cystic and noncystic. The cystic group includes Dandy—Walker malformation (DWM), vermian hypoplasia (VH), Blake's pouch cyst (BPC), mega cisterna magna (MCM), arachnoid cysts (ACs). The noncystic group includes cerebellar hypoplasia, rhombencephalosynapsis, Chiari II malformation. The correct prenatal diagnosis allows to make the proper prognosis which is extremely variable ranging from cases with normal outcome to cases with severe neurodevelopmental delay. The aim of this review is to evaluate the feasibility of sonographic diagnosis of the posterior fossa abnormalities and to discuss their clinical consequences. How to cite this article D’Addario V, Di Cagno L, Capuano P, Cialdella M. Malformations of the Posterior Fossa. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017;11(4):294-301.