More than 80% of the population in Africa by the World Health Organization (WHO) leans on endogenous knowledge to solve their primary health care problems. In this study, we examined the relevance of Costus afer Ker Gawl, a plant called ginger lily, spiral ginger or bush cane. It is believed to be used in traditional medicine practice (TMP) to treat and manage many conditions including diabetes mellitus, stomach ailments, arthritis, inflammation. These alleged traditional incited large researchers to conduct studies on the plant to amass scientific evidence. However, these results are sparse, and thus, an inventory through the present search using online search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus and Chemical Abstracts for the period from 1990 to 2021; provides a bibliographic actualization on the plant, taking into account its traditional uses, phytochemical and nutritional constituents, pharmacological activities and toxicological effects. The online search included the use of the keywords, "Costus afer Ker-Gawl" or "Costus afer". It should be noted that the stem and leaves of the plant contain consistent amounts of micronutrients and macronutrients. The leaves, stem, rhizomes of C. afer contain several steroidal sapogenins, aferosides, dioscin and paryphyllin C and a flavonoid glycoside, kaempferol-3-O- \(\alpha\)-L-rhamnopyranoside. Experimental studies on various parts of the plant have shown biological activities such as anti-hyperglycemic, hepatocellular protection, cardioprotection, nephroprotection, CNS depressant, analgesic, antiarthritis, antibacterial and antioxidant. This wide range of biological properties of Costus afer Ker Gawl would be largely attributed to the essential oil compounds such as Sabinene, \(\beta\) -pinene and \(\beta\) -caryophyllene which are among the major compounds of this plant. Based on these obvious data, it is concluded that the plant could be used as an alternative and complementary therapy for many diseases related to oxidative stress so will guide us future research on the use of Costus afer Ker Gawl as an anti-inflammatory.

Aims: Promote Annona muricata (Graviola) and provide information on its phytochemistry and bioactivity. Study Design: Multidisciplinary advanced bibliographic surveys, utilization of ChemBioDraw software package, and dissemination of the resulted knowledge. Place and Duration of Study: UR73, Development in Pedagogy and Health, Interdisciplinary Research Center of the National Pedagogical University, National Pedagogical University, Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, between June 2021 and July 2022. Methodology: A bibliographic review was carried out to acquire information on the pharmacognosy and phytochemistry of A. muricata from various electronic databases (PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct and Google Scholar). The terms phytochemistry, pharmacognosy and the scientific name of this plant species were used as keywords for the search. The ChemBioDraw Ultra 15.0 software package was used to draw the chemical structures of natural compounds of A. muricata. Results: From the results obtained, it should be noted that A. muricata is traditionally used as an analgesic or stimulant. Various studies inform that this plant has various pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, antihelminthic, cytotoxic, antipyretic, analgesic, healing and anti-sickling effects. Many natural phytochemicals like tannins, alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, flavonoids and steroids are responsible for its properties. Conclusion: This review therefore helps to inform future research on the design and development of new relevant drugs from A. muricata to improve human health and well-being. Especially drug candidates for the treatment of cancer and tuberculosis.

Several studies have shown that the extracts of Capsicum annuum L. have been used in the treatment of various ailments (fever, colds, chest pain, cancer, cough, sore throat, toothache, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, wound healing Rheumatic wounds and inflammations, etc. It also inhibits bacterial growth and clumping of blood platelets. According to various bibliographical sources, Capsicum annuum L. is an excellent source of phytochemicals such as carotenoids, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, tocopherols and capsaïcinoïds which are very important in the prevention of chronic diseases mentioned above. This richness of the pigment in the possession of a diversity of bioactive molecules would constitute an excellent remedy in the healing of traumatic wounds of the eye and we predict that these compounds would prevent the development of cataracts of the eye. A situation contrary to the healing of eye wounds based on tetracycline and chloramphenicol, the healing of which leads to the formation of cataracts, the main cause of extensive eye operations aimed at "the destruction of this organ" d 'capital importance. Research methods: In this Bibliographic survey, our approach revolved around the literature on the Capsicum annuum L plant. Several results were retrieved from the Articles, Memoirs and Theses having addressed the study of Capsicum annuum L. And these results were retrieved using Google which was considered our search engine. In summary, it is the documentary technique that was at work.

Foods produced from animals are major reservoirs for many of the foodborne pathogens such as Campylobacter species, non-Typhi serovars of Salmonella enterica, Shiga toxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. The zoonotic potential of foodborne pathogens, as well as their ability to produce toxins that cause disease or even death, are enough to highlight the gravity of the situation. In this research, it is evidenced that animals act as vehicles in transmission of foodborne pathogens such as Candida albicans, Citrobacter freundii, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter agglomerrans, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella spp, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus and Yersinia enterocolitica. their impact, and their current status. This study contributes to improving the health of the meat consumed by the Kinoise population and popularization of national and international opinion about the dangers posed by the consumption of these meats if there is infection. Matete market with 42.8% of samples contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, three out of six samples may be declared unfit for human consumption and samples from other sites may also be declared unfit for consummation because the bacterial count revealed were above the threshold recommended by the FAO. These were 33.3 % (case 2/6) of samples contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, Central Market 33.3% Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp), Gambela 33.3% (Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp), Liberté market 20% contaminated with Salmonella spp samples. Since no effective interventions have eliminated these pathogenic bacteria from animals and food, we indicated that they will continue to cause outbreaks and deaths around the world.

Senna occidentalis L. has been used in several traditional medicines against various diseases and this is based on its botanical, ethnopharmacology, and phytochemistry profiles. This powerful herb is recognized for its antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimutagenic, protective, and inflammatory hepatic activity. Multiple chemical compounds, including achrosine, aloe-emodin, emodin, anthraquinones, etc., have been isolated from this plant. The results of this bibliographic research thus presented in this review have demonstrated the ability of certain extracts from S. occidentalis L. to lower the lipid peroxide content, the activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and phospholipase A2 in exudates of the granuloma of cotton pellets, thus resulting in a reduced availability of arachidonic acid, an important precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, which are the only likely source and/or cause of dysmenorrhea. Thus, based on its phytochemical profile and its pharmacological properties, it is therefore suggested that S. occidentalis would be a potential and effective remedy in the treatment of dysmenorrhea.