Patients with single-ventricle anatomy in respiratory failure may be treated successfully with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, with survival comparable to those treated with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiac failure. Future research on indications for venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation may aid clinicians in deciding the optimal approach for this challenging cohort.

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Our results identify the major risk factors for perioperative and long-term mortality. Age is an independent risk factor for mortality.