BACKGROUND: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy is commonly initiated in hospitals for a variety of reasons including stress ulcer prophylaxis. Outpatient use of inpatient-initiated PPI use may be medically unwarranted.

These cost-based results provide new, independent, and potentially valuable evidence that simple, noninvasive periodontal therapy may improve health outcomes in pregnancy and other systemic conditions.

This study demonstrates the feasibility of using a distributed data network approach to perform large scale post-marketing safety analyses and is scalable to include additional organizations and data sources. We believe these results can inform the development of a large national surveillance system.

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Among members of five US health plans, MCV4 vaccination was not associated with increased GBS risk.