The effect of brand and probiotic claim of four commercial probiotic fermented milks (A, B, C, and D) on the overall liking was evaluated, as well the influence of the intrinsic sensory characteristics of the products. The probiotic fermented milks were evaluated through a sequence of three acceptance tests (blind test, brand expectation test, probiotic claim test) using the nine-point structured hedonic scale, and through descriptive analysis. Information about brand and probiotic claim had little impact on the overall liking of the commercial probiotic fermented milks. The knowledge about the brand enhanced the overall liking only for one product, as well reduced the risk relative of two products of receiving scores under five at the nine-point hedonic scale. Information about probiotic claim only reduced the relative risk for one product. On the other hand, the sensory profile influenced the overall liking of the probiotic fermented milks. The product A, described by visual viscosity, oral viscosity and sweet taste, and the products B and C, described by cream color, acid odor and acid taste, had similar overall liking, while the product D had lower overall liking and it was not described by any attribute. Therefore, we conclude that brand and probiotic claim (non-sensory factors) are essential to study and understand the consumer behavior on food, but the intrinsic sensory characteristics are more relevant to commercial probiotic fermented milks in specific, and fundamental to overall liking of these products.
Homemade bread was produced with 4.4 and 4.45 g of total fructans per 50 g serving to meet Brazilian standards for prebiotic claims. The bread samples were characterized for their sensory profiles using descriptive analysis and for their sensory acceptability using hedonic and just-about-right scales for sweetness intensity. The sensory profiles of the breads were similar and sweetness was the term that discriminated the bread samples obtained, since the intensity decreased from the bread formulated with oligofructose/inulin to the bread formulated with inulin and finally to the standard bread formulation. Comparing the crust colour of the standard bread with the crust colour of the bread with inulin, the bread with inulin was more beige, while the bread with oligofructose/inulin had smaller bubbles and was not as soft. The bread with oligofructose/inulin had a higher degree of acceptability with respect to flavour and overall acceptability than the standard bread, but the bread with fructans was preferred as compared to the standard bread in terms of appearance, aroma, texture, flavour and overall acceptability. In conclusion, the addition of fructans to bread formulations is promising and may promote the elaboration and consumption of new prebiotic products in the bakery line. Keywords: Descriptive analysis; Just-about-right scale; Internal preference mapping. ResumoPães caseiros foram produzidos com quantidades de 4,4 e 4,45 g de frutanos totais por porção de 50 g, para atendimento da alegação de prebióticos, segundo a legislação brasileira. Os pães foram caracterizados, quanto ao perfil sensorial, por meio de análise descritiva, e quanto aos testes de aceitação sensorial, utilizando escala hedônica e escala do ideal para intensidade de doçura. Os perfis sensoriais dos pães mostraram-se similares, sendo a doçura o termo que discriminou os pães obtidos, visto que as intensidades diminuíram na formulação dos pães com oligofrutose/inulina para a formulação dos pães com inulina e para a formulação dos pães padrão. Comparando a cor da crosta do pão padrão com a cor da crosta do pão com inulina, o pão com inulina apresentou maior intensidade de cor bege, enquanto que o pão com oligofrutose/inulina teve menor tamanho de bolhas e maciez. O pão com oligofrutose/inulina teve maior grau de aceitação para o sabor e de forma global em relação ao pão padrão, mas as formulações dos pães com frutanos foram preferidos em relação à formulação do pão padrão para aparência, aroma, textura, sabor e aceitação global. Concluindo, a adição de frutanos em formulações de pães é promissora, podendo promover a elaboração e consumo de novos produtos prebióticos na linha de panificação. Palavras
ResumoInulina e oligofrutose são frutanos que, quando adicionados em alimentos, podem alterar importantes características dos produtos originais. Duas formulações de bolo de laranja (uma contendo 77,7g de inulina e outra 77,7g de oligofrutose/inulina) e duas formulações de pão (uma contendo 130g de inulina e outra 175g de oligofrutose/inulina) foram comparadas com as respectivas formulações padrão (sem adição de frutanos) quanto à composição centesimal, textura, volume específico, cor e aceitação sensorial por meio da escala hedônica estruturada de nove pontos. Os bolos e pães com inulina e oligofrutose/ inulina apresentaram maior quantidade de fibra alimentar total em relação aos produtos padrão. O bolo de laranja com inulina apresentou menor coesividade e maior intensidade de amarelo no miolo em relação ao bolo padrão, sendo que a adição de inulina e oligofrutose/inulina reduziu a aceitação pela aparência, textura e sabor e a aceitação global em relação ao bolo padrão, embora a aceitação pelo aroma tenha sido igual para os três produtos. Os pães com inulina e oligofrutose/inulina foram mais duros e menos coesos do que o pão padrão, mas apenas o pão com inulina foi menos volumoso do que o padrão. O pão com inulina também apresentou casca com menor luminosidade, miolo com maiores intensidades de vermelho e de amarelo e maior saturação da cor em relação ao padrão, além de diferente tonalidade cromática. Em relação à aceitação sensorial, o pão com oligofrutose/inulina foi mais aceito quanto ao sabor e de forma global em relação ao pão padrão. Palavras-chave: Frutanos, panificação, textura, cor, volume, aceitação sensorial AbstractInulin and oligofructose are fructans that can change important characteristics in original products when added in food. Two formulations of orange cakes (one containing 77.7g of inulin and another one 77.7g of oligofructose/inulin) and two formulations of breads (one containing 130g of inulin and another one 175g of oligofructose/inulin) were compared to the respective standard formulations (with no fructans) in relation to chemical composition, texture, volume, color and sensory acceptability with a nine-point hedonic scale. The cakes and breads with inulin and oligofructose/inulin showed greater amount of total dietary fiber in relation to standard products. The orange cake with inulin had lower cohesiveness and yellower dough when compared to the standard cake, but the addition of inulin and oligofructose/inulin reduced the acceptability for appearance, texture and flavor and the overall acceptability, although the acceptability for aroma was the same for the three products. The breads with inulin and oligofructose/ inulin were harder and less cohesive than the standard bread, and bread with inulin showed minor volume
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