Entrepreneurship has positioned itself as one of the main goals of both public and private agencies. This topic has been linked to urban areas population, marginalizing different groups and sectors, including the inhabitants of the rural areas have been included, which, usually considered by their lower income and social welfare, due to their inability to access sources of employment and services. Then, this research parts from a theoretical review of rural entrepreneurship and subsequently, explores the results from the application of a research instrument, focused on the perception of a group of rural tourism entrepreneurs was measured about the scope of their projects, pointing out the faced barriers and the gains that have been produced in their communities.
The increase in unemployment rates at the international level, as a consequence of the deep financial crisis of the beginning of the 21st century, has caused the labor market to become increasingly restricted, complicating the insertion of a population of productive age. In addition, the lack of employment has exacerbated a series of social problems, including poverty, insecurity, undernourishment, among others, in a large part of Latin America. Therefore, the impulse of social enterprises can contribute to the creation of jobs and combat this problem, generating wellbeing not only within a region but also in others with similar situations, generating an area of opportunity for those social enterprises with an export profile. Based on the above, this paper begins with a documentary research process of specialized literature on social business and later analyzes a group of students' perception on the impact that this model can produce, as well as the limitations for its implementation, through an exploratory and descriptive study, guided by the qualitative approach since a questionnaire of open questions about these topics was used as a research instrument. The answers were analyzed in such a way that similarities and differences could be detected among students' perception. Results shown that the main benefits are the creation of direct jobs in the country of origin and indirect in other markets as well as the emergence of productive chains while among the constraints include ignorance of the export logistics process and tariff rates. Finally, a series of recommendations are proposed in order to strengthen the dissemination of this business model.
In this research the entrepreneurial actions and intentions that drive university students to create social businesses and participate in an international competition were analyzed. The study was conducted during the training week of a social business competition in September 2019. The methodology was qualitative, with case studies in a group of twelve students whose projects were selected to compete at the semi-final round of an international social business competition. Interviews were applied to competitors which revealed the circumstances that encouraged them to address a social problem and develop a project with a solution which will be presented in an international stage. Simultaneously, an observation guide was applied for the interpretation of the emotional expressions (typical of social entrepreneurship) associated with their responses and finally, an electronic link was shared with participants for them to answer a validated instrument that measured the university entrepreneurial potential. Main findings indicate that entrepreneurial actions of the students to create a social business and present it in a competition in the form of a social business project rest on motives that vary from a personal origin to the collective, revealed from moments of inspiration and personal commitment to address a social problem and seeking a sustainable solution, designed from resources and personal skills in a very particular emotional atmosphere. Finally, a sum up from all inputs (surveys and direct observation) revealed that social entrepreneurial intentions lie on a positive attitude, strong enterprise convictions and high desirability for becoming an entrepreneur and contribute to solve social problems.
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