We report a rare case of intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) of the oral mucosa. This neoplasm, known as Masson’s tumor, is an unusual vascular lesion of proliferating endothelial cells. It is usually confined to the lumen of preexisting vessels or vascular malformations. The principal significance of IPEH is its microscopic resemblance to angiosarcoma and possible misdiagnosis as such. Achieving a correct diagnosis is essential to avoid subjecting a patient to unnecessarily aggressive therapy. For this reason, awareness of this lesion is very important for dermatologists and dentists. In this article, we discuss the clinical features, histopathological characteristics, and management of IPEH and review the pertinent literature.

Objective: To identify, among Mexican teenagers from public and private schools, the frequency, severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs, and their possible association with temporomandibular joint disorders. Material and Methods: Fifteen-year-old students were recruited from public and private schools. Clinical findings were registered as follows: oral hygiene status with the Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified, malocclusion using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), and TMJ disorders following WHO criteria. Negative binomial and logistic regression models were constructed for data analysis. Results: A total of 249 fifteen-year old students were included in the study (118 female 47.4%). 68% had a DAI score ≤ 25 (minor or no occlusal anomalies), 18% scored 26-30 (mild anomalies), 7% scored 31-35 (evident anomalies), and 6% scored ≥ 36 (major malocclusion). The most frequent anomalies were dental crowding in 50%, maxillary dental irregularity in 44.6%, mandible irregularity in 41.2% and excessive maxillary overjet in 37.8%. Among the students, 26.1% had clicking/muscle or TMJ pain, of these 12.3% showed pain during palpation. OHI-S > 1 was found in 34% of the participants. The negative binomial model showed an association between DAI score and TMJ disorders (P=0.041). Also the logistic regression model showed an association between malocclusion (DAI>25) and TMJ disorders (OR=2.58, p=0.002). Malocclusion was associated also with poor oral hygiene (OR=1.65, p=0.007), and with attendance to public schools (OR=1.97, p=0.039). Conclusions: TMJ disorders and DAI scores were significantly associated. Screening/Diagnostic programs for ortho-dontic and TMJ-disorders are needed, to identify and offer treatment to teenagers with major malocclusion and TMJ/muscle pain. Key words:Dental Aesthetic Index, DAI, crowding, Temporo Mandibular Joint disorders (TMJ disorders), Temporo Mandibular Disorders (TMD), occlusal anomalies, OHI-S.

RESUMEN: El liquen plano es una lesión inmunológica que se caracteriza por presentar apoptosis de los queratinocitos basales, licuefacción de la membrana basal e infiltrado linfoplasmocitario en banda, estas características pudieran estar asociadas con la pérdida de adhesiones celulares y riesgo de transformación maligna. Para identificar el potencial regulatorio asociado a la adhesión celular de los queratinocitos basales y la posible capacidad de transformación maligna, se investigó la expresión "in situ" de E-cadherina y Syndecan-1 el liquen plano de piel y de mucosa oral. En un total de 37 casos de liquen plano de piel y 5 casos de liquen plano oral, se realizaron estudios de inmunohistoquímica para la detección de Ecadherina y Syndecan-1. En las áreas de enfermedad activa del liquen plano de piel los queratinocitos basales no expresaron E-cadherina y la expresión de Syndecan-1 fue focal, en las áreas de tejido epitelial libre de enfermedad la expresión de ambas proteínas fue muy similar. Los cambios de expresión de las proteínas E-cadherina y Syndecan-1 sugieren una posible asociación de las mismas a la patogénesis de Liquen plano de piel y de mucosa oral.

BackgroundAccording to the Psychometric Paradigm with the appropriate design of instruments, risk perception can be measured; only ‘The Perception of Risk Scale’ in English, was found about this theme. The aim of this study was to develop and pilot test the validation of an instrument ‘Parents’ Risk Perception about Children’s Injuries’, in Spanish.MethodsComprised on a series of steps: 1. Literature review of the theme and previous instruments. 2. Initial development of items. 3. Application of Content Validity Analysis (CVI) (McGartland, et al., 2003). 4. Final proposal of instrument, 102 items, in 12 dimensions some with sub-dimensions. 5. Cronbach’s Alpha sample calculation, for the development of a new scale is acceptable a range of 24 to 36 participants (Johanson & Brooks, 2010). 6. Definition of sample population and criteria. 7. Design of the instrument, created for an optic reader. 8. Application of the instrument and consent form. 9. Data analysis, on Excel 2010 and SPSS 19.ResultsThe CVI sample was five professional and five lay experts, results meet the values for new instruments with CVI=0.911. For Cronbach’s Alpha, the sample consisted on 15 mothers and 14 fathers with at least one children under 16 years old, obtained by convenience. The result for the whole instrument was α=0.894. After eliminating 18 items, α=0.901; leaving the instrument with 84 items.DiscussionFor reducing the scale and making it more convenient, using the Spearman-Brown prophecy, assuming that the quality of the questions is the same, the instrument is reduced to 42 items and the Cronbach’s Alpha falls to an acceptable level of α=0.82.ConclusionThe scale was not validated, only an exploratory study was developed, the next step would be to redesign and apply again a pilot test, if successful continue with validation.