No abstract

Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in milk cooling tank reflects a hygienic deficit in animal management, production environment, and milk obtainment. With implications for public health as agents of infection and food poisoning, and the presence of antimicrobial-resistant strains. Therefore, were investigated in cooling tanks with high counts of somatic cells and total bacteria in milk. Microorganisms, in which a profile of resistance to antimicrobials was investigated, and whether there was a similarity in this profile between the strains of the eight dairy properties.Therefore, eighty-eight samples were obtained, and inoculated on Compact Dry® plates. Of this total, 27.27% (24/88) samples tested positive for E. coli and 56.81% (50/88) for S. aureus. Among 24 E. coli strains subjected to disk-diffusion antibiograms, 70.83% were resistant to rifampicin, 50% to ampicillin and 41.67% to cefoxitin and erythromycin, while of the 51 S. aureus strains, 94.32% expressed resistance to azetroanam, 86.27% to ampicillin and nalidixic acid, 76.47% to rifampicin and 47.06 % to erythromycin and cefoxitin. A criterion of resistance to over three antibiotics was observed for 8.33% (2/24) of the isolated E. coli strains and 17.65% (9/51) of the S. aureus strains, characterizing them as multidrug resistant (MDR) strains. Resistance phenotypes displayed high similarity between properties F5 and F6 for S. aureus, and properties F6 and F8 for E. coli when applying the Jaccard index. The presence of these antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms indicate flaws in milk production handling and sanitary conditions, representing risk to milk consumers.

O presente artigo objetivou buscar, organizar e descrever informações sobre micro-organismos causadores de mastite e frequentemente encontrados no leite cru. Buscou-se artigos publicados de 2009 a 2019, nas bases de dados Scielo, Medline e Google acadêmico, utilizando as seguintes palavras-chaves: “mastite”, “bovinos”, “micro-organismos”, “leite cru” e “Brasil”. Após a busca, foram encontrados 46 artigos sobre mastite, dos quais 16 foram selecionados. Já sobre o leite cru, foram encontrados 82 artigos e 11 artigos foram selecionados para revisão. Os 16 artigos selecionados sobre mastite realizaram a detecção de 7 grupos, 1 famílias, 13 gêneros e 19 espécies distintas de micro-organismos caracterizados como agentes causadores de mastite bovina em diferentes regiões do Brasil. O gênero Streptococcus spp. e as espécies S. agalactiae, S. uberis foram descritos com maior frequência como agentes causadores de mastite, seguida pelo gênero Staphylococcus spp. e seus grupos (coagulase positiva e negativa), bem como a espécie S. aureus, gênero Enterococcus spp., além do gênero Corynebacterium spp. e Escherichia coli. Nos 11 artigos que abordavam sobre leite cru, Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, Staphylococcus spp. e S. aureus, além da espécie Escherichia coli foram detectados com elevada frequência. Na avaliação da mastite e do leite visualiza-se o predomínio do gênero Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp, bem como outras espécies, tais como Escherichia coli, o que reforça a necessidade de monitoramento constante da saúde das glândulas dos animais, do manejo, da ordenha e do acondicionamento do leite obtido, assegurando assim, um produto saudável ao consumidor final do leite e seus derivados.   Palavras-chave: Inflamação dos Tetos de Bovinos. Mastite Bovina. Qualidade Microbiológica do Leite.   Abstract This article aimed to search, organize and describe information about microorganisms that cause mastitis and are often found in raw milk. We searched for articles published from 2009 to 2019, in the Scielo, Medline and Google academic databases, using in this investigation in the databases the following keywords: “mastitis”, “bovines”, “microorganisms”, “milk raw ”and“ Brazil ”. After the search, 46 articles on mastitis were found, of which 16 were selected. As for raw milk, 82 articles were found and 11 articles were selected for review. The 16 selected articles on mastitis detected 7 groups, 1 families, 13 genera and 19 distinct species of microorganisms characterized as causative agents of bovine mastitis in different regions of Brazil. The genus Streptococcus spp. and the species S. agalactiae, S. uberis were more frequently described as agents that cause mastitis, followed by the genus Staphylococcus spp. and its groups (positive and negative coagulase), as well as the species S. aureus, genus Enterococcus spp., in addition to the genus Corynebacterium spp. and Escherichia coli. In the 11 articles that addressed raw milk, Staphylococcus coagulase positive, Staphylococcus spp. and S. aureus, in addition to the species Escherichia coli, were detected with high frequency. In the evaluation of mastitis and milk, the predominance of the genus Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp, as well as other species, such as Escherichia coli, can be seen, which reinforces the need for constant monitoring of the health of animal glands, management, milking and conditioning the milk obtained, thus ensuring a healthy product for the final consumer of milk and milk products.  Keywords: Inflammation of Cattle Ceilings. Bovine Mastitis. Microbiological Quality of Milk.