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This work describes a cell-based assay that does not depend on radioactivity or laboratory animals for the detection of ligands of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R). The assay makes use of stable transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-AT1R) expressing the AT1R. A sequential saturation assay principle was used in which receptor binding sites of the CHO-AT1R cells are blocked by the analyte in a concentration-dependent manner. Afterwards, TAMRA-angiotensin II, a fluorescence-labeled ligand, was added to bind to the remaining free binding sites of the receptor. In consequence, the fluorescence signal determined is inversely proportional to the concentration of the analyte.

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A convenient one-step transformation of primary and secondary amines into the corresponding unprotected guanidines using 4-benzyl-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamidine and its polymer-bound variant is described. The scopes and limitations of the method, the microwave-assistance of amidination as well as a recycling protocol are examined.