Teachers in regular schools have a responsibility to accommodate the needs and interests of all learners. The attitudes and willingness of teachers to include learners with intellectual disabilities in their classes in regular schools in a district with a semi-nomadic pastoral population in north-eastern Uganda was investigated. A survey of 125 school teachers was conducted, using an attitude scale and a willingness sub-scale. The results showed slightly more positive than negative attitudes, and more willingness than unwillingness to teach learners with intellectual disabilities. Attendance of workshops and seminars had a positive impact on teacher attitudes and willingness towards inclusive education. The findings are discussed with reference to historical -cultural characteristics of the district, as well as pupil and teacher characteristics.

<p>The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA, 1990) is the cornerstone of civil rights policy for people with disabilities. Although enforced through the justice system, the legacy of the ADA transcends well beyond its legal ramifications. The policy&rsquo;s framework and the rhetoric of Disability Rights suggest both an embrace of the <em>spirit</em> and the <em>letter</em> of the law, or promulgating both legislative and cultural change to ensure that the rights of people with disabilities are met.&nbsp; In attempting to understand how and if such change has happened, researchers have gathered extensive evidence since 1990.&nbsp; Much of this research evidence, however, remains fragmented, under-utilized, and at times inconclusive.&nbsp; This article presents the results of a rapid evidence review of a sample of such research that is crucial to understand the ADA&rsquo;s progress.&nbsp; The study examines evidence about the ADA&rsquo;s influence on knowledge, attitudes and perceptions about employment of people with disabilities. The research illustrates the importance of moving beyond the law to incorporate changes in knowledge about the law, perceptions of employability, and workplace culture.&nbsp;<strong></strong></p>

Background: Religion and philosophy follow the Hegelian dialectic, man as thesis, evil as antithesis and ideal man or God the final synthesis, locking out persons with disability stating that they don’t meet the criteria of being human persons. In contrast, persons with disability were accepted in ancient Africa and their disorder was not shown as a physical handicap.Objectives: The objective of this article was to critically examine how disability is constructed in philosophy and religion in comparison with African culture, in the shaping of disability identity as a form of humanity.Method: This article undertook a document review of both grey and peer reviewed literature. The papers reviewed were identified and screened for relevance, then analysed with the aim of comparing the portrayal of disability in philosophy, religion and ancient Africa.Results: Our analysis revealed that African cultures revered the disability identity, as opposed to philosophy and religion that portrayed it as abnormal. A person with disability was accepted in ancient Africa and given a visible role in society suggesting their integration in daily life activities while their disability was believed to be a blessing from the gods.Conclusion: Religion and philosophy have incredibly alienated persons with disabilities with linguistic and derogative identities. Whereas African spiritualism inherently glorified and/or approved disability, in today’s Africa, persons with disability are increasingly objectified and abused because of ignorance and harsh economic conditions. Nevertheless, the contemporary mistreatment of people with disabilities (PWDs) does not reflect a true African culture but is a symptom and a consequence of the material and economic injustice that PWDs encounter.

There is need to learn from indigenous knowledge and concepts when studying disability and inclusion in resource-constrained settings.We describe the development and testing of the 'Obuntu bulamu' intervention, a peer-to-peer support disability inclusion intervention, starting from indigenous interpretations of belonging and humanity. 'Obuntu bulamu' is an accepted and consistent behaviour that signifies a shared set of values that promote well-being, togetherness, and unity.The intervention was co-created and tested by a team of children, parents, teachers, disability rehabilitation workers, and academics in Uganda. It consists of training sessions, peer support meetings, and activities for children, parents, and teachers around the themes 'peer support', 'disability', and 'belonging'. Through qualitative participatory methods the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention was evaluated with 64 children, 64 parents, and 33 teachers in 10 communities in Wakiso district, Central Uganda.

The centrality of information and communication technology in enhancing inclusive teaching and learning makes their access and use an imperative for all students at all levels of education.Persons with visual impairment tend to face major barriers in using the same ICT devices that ordinary persons and other disabled persons can use. A quantitative study was conducted with 35 students with visual impairment enrolled in two public universities in Uganda to explore the extent to which they accessed and utilized ICTs. Data was collected using face-to-face interviews and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. The study found that most of the students were intermediate ICT users (40%) or beginners (37%), while a majority (70.4%) connected to the internet via WIFI hotspots. More than half of the students (60%) knew that their university had an e-learning platform, but a majority of the students had never uploaded/downloaded any learning materials from their universities' websites. Less than half of the students (46%) were confident to produce text using a word processing program but only few could use power point (12%) and excel (8.6%) applications. To improve students with disabilities' access and use of ICTs, multiple actions are required, including equipping departments with computers, ensuring the computers are in accessible locations, giving the students opportunity to practice, and purchasing licensed adapted software applications.