Augmented Reality (AR) systems present a technological platform that allows a harmonious integration of the real and virtual worlds, structured with endless capabilities in its application. With the rise of information technology, AR has made a significant contribution to industrial applications, namely: medicine, aviation, manufacturing, etc. This paper aims to provide dipper insightful on AR technology by investigating the current state-of-the-art of AR technology usage in the manufacturing industry encompassing quality control and maintenance. It describes how AR technology has been integrated into quality control and maintenance, current and available AR devices in use, and future research direction.

Summary Low‐temperature nitrogen plasma (LTNP) was used to wither green tea leaf to study its effect on the polyphenol content. Using a dielectric barrier discharge chamber to provide the LTNP environment, green tea leaf was withered at various withering times. Made tea samples indicated that LTNP had an effect on polyphenol content. The highest polyphenol content of 78.56 mg g−1 in made tea was attained in 1 h after which it showed a decreasing trend with increasing retention time. For comparison purposes, green tea leaf was also withered in nonplasma environments. Highest polyphenol content of 133.4 mg g−1 in made tea was attained in a sample withered anaerobically in nitrogen gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure for 18 h. In another sample, green tea leaf was directly macerated and dried without withering and fermenting and had polyphenol content of 101.91 mg g−1 in made tea. These contents were compared with green tea 4, purple tea and oolong tea that are currently manufactured in Kenya.

Six bagasse based activated carbons were evaluated for efficiency in the level of decolorization sugar syrup. The effect of activated carbon dosage in the range 0.2 -1.0 g per 100 ml syrup was determined. Test samples of syrup 63.0 Brix were diluted, adjusted to pH 7.0 using 0.1M HCl and Thymol Blue as buffer. The absorbance reading at 420 nm was taken by a Hitachi U-3200.Spectrophotometer using a 10 mm cell. Samples of 100 g of syrup were placed in a water-bath at 80 0 C shaken at 160 rpm, then activated carbon was added to each sample. At the end of 20 min, samples were removed and filtered through a Buchner plastic funnel containing a Whatman filter paper. About 1% of kieselguhr was added to the filtrate. Filtrates containing filter aid were moderately shaken on a water bath and heated until they reached 70 0 C. The samples were then filtered through a membrane filtration assembly. The filtrates were passed through a 0.45 nm membrane. then their pH, and absorbance where measured. A blank containing the test syrup only was subjected to the same experimental conditions. The results were evaluated for the effectiveness for percent color removal from sugar syrup and compared with the two commercial activated carbons. The color removal capabilities of carbons were measured at 1/100 (w/w) dosage, and isotherms were determined. The results showed activated carbons from bagasse activated for 5h at a temperature of 600 0 C possess the necessary characteristics, similar to commercial carbons for sugar refining and therefore an inexpensive precursor for AC.

In Kenya activated carbon is imported yet we have enough bagasse that can be used in its production. The activated carbon from bagasse adds economic value to the bagasse and the processing excess bagasse provides for good utilization and management of the bagasse as a waste. The objective was to produce activated carbon from bagasse from Chemelil sugar factory on laboratory scale in a fabricated retort and furnace at selected conditions of temperature and time, characterize and give a comparison with the commercial activated carbons. Using molasses as a binder, ratio 1:1, the bagasse and molasses mixture was compressed into pellets in an extruder, heated to produce a char, and then activated using carbon dioxide, before finally being ground into powdered activated carbon. Carbonization was done in a retort, while the heating was done by two gas burners. Temperature, was controlled between 300 -700 o C. The carbonized material (char) was cooled and ground to powder. Sample activation was conducted in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide passing through a chrome-nickel pipe with a gas distributor mounted in a furnace of porcelain cylinder with a metal sheet having one end closed. Air and nitrogen were used to control burning and the temperature of the furnace was controlled to between 300 -600 o C. The activated carbons produced were characterized for their physical properties (bulk density, surface area, and micro pore volume and pore size), chemical properties (ash, pH, conductivity) and compared with selected two commercial activated carbons. The results showed that carbon materials activated from bagasse for 5 h at a temperature of 600 o C had similar characteristics with the commercial ones and therefore an inexpensive substitute with further process development on surface area.