Introduction: In last year the proportion of caesarean sections constantly growing. The aim: To evaluate the knowledge in the questionnaire survey of women about the Caesarean section. Materials and methods: 1462 women in age 18-57 were tested by the method of diagnostic survey. The tool of research was own survey composed of 26 question. Results: Among 1462 of women, which was poll, 79,6% described anxiety as the main factor to make a decision to have a caesarean section. The most frequently mentioned disease in 93,6%, which may appear among women after surgery were adhesions, while a delay of lactation in 59,36% has a negative influence on newborn children. Conclusions: 1. The percentage increase of elective caesarean sections is related to the extension of procedures related to psychiatric indications. However, most women, still prefer a natural birth because of safety for the mother and the child. 2. The awareness of women with higher education causes a higher percentage of cesarian sections, because of the greater anxiety about their own health, health of the newborn and safety of a natural birth. 3. Women in a reproductive age should have access to literature and antenatal schools, but also to psychoeducational meetings and a detailed discussion on this subject of both forms of delivery. 4. Increasing the number of cesarean sections to avoid criminal, civil and professional liability contributes to the increase of awareness and claims and by the knowledge of the law by the society.

The article is a voice in the discussion on difficulties and threats related to the involvement of volunteers in assistance activities. It presents theoretical definitions of basic issues as well as practical conclusions from the observation of voluntary activities. The stages of engaging volunteers in cooperation with non-governmental organizations or other institutions have been analyzed in detail. At any stage of the activity, problems may arise that require immediate reaction. The implications of diagnosing these adversities are the basis for more effective planning and development of volunteer activities in the sector. The subject matter is a contribution to complementing the fragmented pragmatic knowledge of voluntary activity in Poland. Bearing in mind that volunteering by providing individual human capital of volunteers favors the multiplication of general social capital, the signaled topic should be the subject of further inquiries.

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Przekonania polskiej młodzieży na temat funkcjonowania osób niepełnosprawnych w obszarze rodzinnym. Prezentacja wyników badań własnych How to quote tHis paper: Zielińska, P. (2020). Polish Youth's Beliefs about the Functioning of SUMMARYShaping a positive image of disability is important for common functioning in society based on the principle of complementarity. Only then it is possible to say about the full integration of people with disabilities. Disability concerns not only persons but also members of their families. The subject of this study is to present the beliefs of Polish youth about the functioning of disabled people in the family sphere. It attempts to diagnose the beliefs within two research groups: students and high school youth. Thus, it was possible to distinguish the differences between groups of respondents. The main research problem is: What are the beliefs of young people about the functioning of people with disabilities in the family sphere and are there differences between school and academic youth in the analysed variables? The diagnostic survey method was used in this research. Based on the research it can be concluded that Polish young people are most strongly convinced of the fact that disabled people should be treated in the same way as other family members. Due to the multitude of aspects regarding family functioning, the research should be treated as an indication of the exploration field for further in-depth scientific analyses.

The aim of the organization, beliefs, convictions, school organization, youth about the person who is inactive in the context of the organization. Efforts were also made to capture the currency in the assessment of problems between school and university youth. A total of 1084 respondents took part in the points. A deliberate and random selection of people from the following Swedish regions was used: Opole, Silesia, Podlasie, Dolnośląskie, Lublin, Świętokrzyskie, Mazowieckie, Małopolskie, Podkarpackie. On the basis of the analysis, it can be done that there is something to do, there is no transition to tolerance, acceptance and resourcefulness towards people.