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The sections in this article are Introduction – General Requirements Contrast to Laboratory Instruments Operating Performance Signal‐to‐Noise Ratio Instrument‐to‐Instrument Variability Long‐Term Drift Mean‐Time‐to‐Failure and Mean‐Time‐to‐Repair Calibration Transfer Design Considerations Analyzer Layout Modularity Backward/Forward Compatibility Environmental Influence User Interface Remote Connectivity I / O to Operations Troubleshooting and Diagnostics Power Requirements Reliability Maintenance and Repair Safety‐Regulatory Compliance Electrical Classification American Society of Mechanical Engineers Probe Certification Documentation Training On‐Line Quantitative Procedures FT ‐ IR Transmission Cells Attenuated Total Reflection Sample Systems and Analyzer Shelters Detectors FT ‐ NIR Probes Probe Installations Fibers and Connectors Fibers Connectors Multiplexers Sample Cells Detectors Applications When is the Use of FT ‐ IR or FT ‐ NIR Appropriate for On‐Line Analysis? Implementation Examples of Applications of FT ‐ IR and FT ‐ NIR Impurities in Anhydrous HCl by FT ‐ IR Analysis of Caustic Soda by FT ‐ NIR Attempted Analysis of Aqueous HCl /Aniline Solutions by FT ‐ NIR