PurposeThis study surveyed sources of moral distress within rehabilitation counseling practice.MethodA mixed-methods approach, the study used both quantitative and qualitative analyses.ResultsOf the 83 participants who completed the survey, the average rating of moral distress was 4.32 (uncomfortable), with 43% reporting a distress rating of 5 (uncomfortable/distressing) or higher. Based on the descriptions, common sources of moral distress involved (a) compromised service delivery, client welfare, and resources, (b) conflicts between client, treatment team, and family, (c) leadership and climate, and (d) organizational policy and practice.ConclusionsImplications address areas for ongoing discussion, including considerations for how to address moral distress to potentially reduce professional burnout and compassion fatigue with in rehabilitation counseling.

It is generally accepted that the environment in which a counselor works influences his or her ethical behavior, but there is little empirical examination of this idea within the rehabilitation counseling professional literature. A survey was conducted with a national sample of practicing certified rehabilitation counselors that elicited qualitative data consisting of situations where workplace culture influenced ethical behavior and decision making. Forty percent of the 1,919 respondents provided examples. Qualitative analysis of the data yielded five themes: bureaucracy and resources, workforce, honesty, client welfare, and power differential. Recommendations for policy and future directions for research are discussed.

BackgroundRehabilitation counselors are becoming more adept at providing distance services.ObjectiveFocused on the ethical use of digital technology, the purpose of this article is to highlight ethical considerations when using digital technologies professionally.MethodsReviewing the ethical standards of the 2017 Code of Professional Ethics for Rehabilitation Counselors, this article examines the current ethical standards governing the use of technology, distance counseling, and social media.FindingsIt is critical for rehabilitation counselors to understand how affordances and constraints of technology will continue to mediate the professional practice of rehabilitation counseling.ConclusionThe professional practice of rehabilitation counseling will increasingly involve digital technology.

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words)As the U.S. national security policy shifts focus toward the Pacific theater and limited availability of amphibious shipping, Marine Forces Pacific must consider the augmentation of alternative shipping to deploy forces to a seabase location to support military operations in the Pacific Command area of operations. Implementing a model-based systems engineering approach, this capstone project examines the effects of augmenting amphibious shipping with commercial, allied nation, and military sealift command ships to achieve force closure at a seabase and reduce fuel consumption. Multiple shipping alternatives supporting a Marine Expeditionary Brigade in anti-access/area denial (A2/ AD) and humanitarian assistance/disaster relief (HA/DR) missions formed the basis for measuring the effects of augmenting amphibious shipping. A simulation was developed to model the operational scenarios, and statistical analysis was performed upon the results of each alternative to identify factors affecting force closure time and fuel consumption. Analysis indicated that the effects of augmenting amphibious shipping vary based upon the mission type. Significant statistical evidence suggests that augmentation of amphibious shipping reduces force closure time and fuel consumption for the A2/AD mission. Based on the research, further investigation into the effects of augmented shipping on the Assembly and Employ phases of seabasing operations is recommended. SUBJECT TERMS MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ENGINEERING SYSTEMS

Importance: Despite criticisms of disability simulation and the limited research on the topic, disability simulation activities are often used to increase understanding of the challenges faced by people with disabilities. Objective: To compare two disability awareness activities (disability simulation and an accessibility audit). Design: A matched pretest–posttest design with two disability awareness activities to study attitudes, affect, cognitions, and behaviors toward disability. Setting: A small college in New England. Participants: Eighty-eight undergraduate students. Intervention: Participants took baseline tests online, after which they participated in a 1-hr on-campus activity. Participants were randomly assigned to either the disability simulation activity or the accessibility audit activity. Participants took posttest surveys online within 1 wk of completing the intervention. Results: Results demonstrated that both activities lowered negative emotional responses toward people with disabilities, but participants who completed the tape measure activity had a larger decrease in scores. No significant differences were found between the scores of people who completed the different disability awareness activities. Conclusions: Given the many criticisms of disability simulation practices and marginal differences between activities, it is time for disability simulation activities to be retired from use. What This Article Adds: The results of this study demonstrate that disability simulation is no better than an accessibility audit in improving attitudes toward people with disabilities. Therefore, educators should cease use of these activities.