Despite many attempts to improve the performance of public sector organizations, in developing countries many such organizations are still underperforming. This study evaluates the impact of organizational structure and culture on the performance of Uganda's High Court by applying the high-performance organizations (HPO) framework. A questionnaire on the quality of the organizational structure, culture, and HPO status was distributed among High Court staff and the collected data were subjected to factor/regression analyses. The HPO framework is found to be valid for the High Court, and positive and statistically significant relationships are found between the HPO status of the High Court and organizational structure and culture.