We communicate a general method for the syntheses of
acenaphthene-fused
imidazolinium salts that are direct precursors to augmented N-heterocyclic carbenes with a fixed cis geometry. Reduction of bis(imino)acenaphthene ligands with a LiAlH4/AlCl3 reagent mix initially produced the corresponding
1,2-diamines which, upon ring-closing reaction with triethyl orthoformate
in acidic solution, gave the requisite ionic intermediates. Formation
of the carbenes was then shown by preparation of selected [Cu(NHC)]
complexes that were obtained via treatment of the respective imidazolinium
salt with base in the presence of a Cu(I) source.
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