This study aimed to evaluate external and internal quality traits and determine prediction equations for some of these traits in eggs of Mexican native turkey hens. A total of 72 eggs from native turkey hens in the laying stage raised in rural municipality of Villaflores, Chiapas were measured. The external traits evaluated were: egg weight (EW), polar diameter (PD), equatorial diameter (ED), egg shape index (SI), shell weight (SW), shell percentage (SP), egg surface area (ESA) and shell weight per unit surface area (SSA). The internal traits were: albumen height (AH), yolk height (YH), albumen weight (AW), yolk weight (YW), Haugh units (HU), albumen percentage (AP), yolk percentage (YP) and yolk color (YC). The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and linear regression using the SAS program, ver. 9.4. The values obtained for the external egg quality traits showed greater variability. Pearson's correlation coefficients between external and internal traits were positive and moderately significant (P <0.05), as well as highly significant (P <0.0001), and ranged from r = 0.31 (EW vs PD) to r = 0.99 (ED vs ESA). All linear regression equations to predict EW, SW, AW and YW were found to be significant (<.0001). The best predictors of EW were PD, SI, SW and ESA (R2 = 76%). SW and YW traits can be adequately predicted using the EW and SI values together (R2 = 59% and R2 = 74%, respectively), while the AW can be predicted from the EW (R2 = 33%). Based on the results obtained, it is suggested to implement selection programs to improve the quality parameters of the native turkey hen egg in Mexico.
El objetivo del estudio es evaluar la prevalencia y caracterizar molecular-mente los aislamientos de Escherichia coli y Salmonella spp. en gallinas de Guinea (Numida meleagris) en dos ranchos de los municipios de Villaflores y La Trinitaria, Chiapas, México. Se muestrearon aleatoriamente un total de 23 guineas, de las cuales se tomaron muestras cloacales para la identificación bacteriana mediante medios selectivos, mientras que para la caracterización molecular se analizó el gen rfbO157 (productor de toxina Shiga). El análisis de datos se realizó mediante prevalencia puntual. Los resultados mostraron que no se encontró presencia de Salmonella spp. ni de Escherichia coli en las guineas del rancho de La Trinitaria. En cuanto a las guineas muestreadas en el rancho de Villaflores, tampoco se encontró presencia de Salmonellaspp., sin embargo, se encontró una prevalencia del 95% de Escherichia coli. La caracterización molecular del 10% de las muestras de Escherichia coli permitió identificar al serotipo O157:H7 (productor de toxina Shiga). No se encontró prevalencia de Salmonella spp. en guineas; sin embargo, el estudio demuestra que las gallinas de guinea son portadoras de Escherichia coli O157:H7, por lo que es preciso seguir con estudios del impacto del serotipo en la sanidad animal, así como en la salud pública.
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