Eocene caldera-lake deposits from Río Pichileuf ú have yielded anuran remains in association with a taxonomically diverse flora. The floral evidence suggests that these anurans lived under climatic conditions similar to those of extant subtropical rainforests. One of the anurans is a helmeted neobatrachian, which is represented by articulated remains and represents a new species that can be assigned to the extant genus Calyptocephalella on the basis of both cranial and postcranial traits. Calyptocephalella pichileufensis, gen. et sp. nov., indicates that, despite the relatively conservative skeletal anatomy of the genus, Calyptocephalella has not always been associated with the temperate austral forests that it inhabits today. The new species also provides evidence of a biotic link with Australia, which has been proposed on the basis of other faunal and floral records, as well as on the paleogeographic history of Patagonia during the mid-Cretaceous-Eocene interval. We also discuss the significance of neobatrachian cranial features that might reflect hyperossification.

A new record of a Late Cretaceous lizard-like non-serpentian squamate from Adamantina Formation (Bauru Group; Turonian-Santonian) southeast of Brazil is based on a specimen found about 10 km south of Marília city (São Paulo State). The material consists of 10 articulated dorsal vertebrae with a total length of 14 mm and seven incomplete right ribs. Vertebrae are gracile, procoelous, with a broad intervertebral foramen, without evidence of intercentra, and with a single synapophysis; ribs are unicapitate. The specimen is assigned to the Squamata because of the presence of procoelous vertebrae, absence of intercentra in the dorsal vertebrae, and the presence of slender and elongate single-headed ribs. In addition, the material is excluded from the Serpentes owing to the absence of separated diapophyses and parapophyses, the lack of clearly triangular centra in ventral view, presence of anteroposterior short and well posteriorly-inclined neural spines, and, if it is present, the weakly developed zygosphene-zygantrum articular complex. Despite retaining an open taxonomic identification, the material represents the first non-serpentian squamate from the Adamantina Formation, enlarging the record of squamates in the Bauru Group of Brazil, and indicates the presence of minute lizard taxa, which are sparse in the South American Cretaceous fossil record

Martinelli & Forasiepi 2004"Leptodactylidae"; considered possibly related to Calyptocephalella (as Caudiverbera) in the discussion.

No abstract