This article aimed to analyze, through a qualitative study (i.e., semi-structured interview), the opinions and knowledge of fourth-year future teachers at a Spanish public university (University of Granada) regarding training and the need for first aid (FA) at school. With a sample of 70 subjects in their last year of training, our conclusion is that although they are aware of the importance of first aid for their professional development, there is no such training in their careers, and thus they have great difficulty understanding how to react to emergency situations on the job.

The level and need for immediate health care measures training for teachers are of growing concern for two main reasons: on the one hand, these contents are part of the school curriculum and, on the other hand, teachers are the first adults to intervene in case of school injury. However, in Spain, first aid (FA) does not appear as obligatory content in the university training of teachers. The aim of the present study was to design and validate a questionnaire on the attitude of pre-school and primary school teachers towards first aid knowledge adapted to the school context and to analyze its psychometric properties. First of all, the psychometric values of the questionnaire were tested: through its validation and reliability. Subsequently, a correlation study was carried out as well as a logistic regression in order to know the knowledge and attitudes of teachers and future teachers about the importance of the Immediate Attention Measures at school. The sample consisted of 392 participants: active teachers (71%) and future teachers (29%, the latter being final year students) of the infant and primary stages from the northern, central and southern areas of Spain. The results show adequate psychometric values, establishing three factors: attitude towards general knowledge in FA and learning methodology; attitude towards wounds and CPR algorithm (most frequent and/or serious events); self-perception of knowledge or skill in FA. Pearson’s correlation test identified significant values (p < 0.01) and positive association between Factors 1 and 2 (r = 0.422) and between 1 and 3 (0.244). The conclusions of the results of the validation process of the questionnaire on the attitude of teachers and future teachers to knowledge for immediate health care measures training are valid and reliable to an acceptable degree. Regression study demonstrates the importance of including first aid training in teachers’ degrees.

Introducción. El Real Decreto 183/2008 destaca la importancia de la evaluación formativa en el sistema de residencia para la formación especializada. En evaluación formativa lo importante es el feedback producido sobre el que aprende y el que enseña, contribuyendo así a la mejora del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje. Una parte esencial de la evaluación formativa es la pregunta directa a los sujetos a quienes se dirige la formación. Sujetos y métodos. Desde junio de 2007, los residentes del hospital cumplimentan un cuestionario de 37 preguntas cerradas y una abierta, en la que se les solicitaba su opinión sobre aspectos de la formación recibida en el año precedente. Analizamos los cuestionarios de tres años (266 encuestas analizadas). Resultados. Las guardias y las urgencias en general se perciben como un problema y como un lugar donde hay una importante área de mejora. Otras importantes áreas de mejora son la capacitación del residente para optimizar el acceso a fuentes de información y una mayor participación e implicación en investigación. Conclusiones. Estudios como el descrito deben servir para implantar acciones eficientes orientadas a mejorar las deficiencias observadas en la formación de residentes. Ha de ser punto de referencia para conocer la evolución del proceso formativo en nuestro centro. Si no se realizan este tipo de estudios es difícil conocer los progresos o deficiencias que, desde el punto de vista de quien aprende, tienen lugar en un determinado ámbito de la formación de especialistas en ciencias de la salud. Palabras clave. Evaluación formativa. Formación de residentes. Formación especializada.