Mortality was low in children with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli hemolytic uremic syndrome, being central nervous system involvement the main cause of death. The best mortality predictors found were central nervous system involvement, hemoglobin, and sodium concentration. Hyponatremia may be a new Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli hemolytic uremic syndrome mortality predictor.

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The rate of RBC transfusion was higher in patients with the most severe renal injury, and most were performed during the first 2 weeks of the disease. Patients with stable LDH levels seemed to require fewer RBC transfusions. Median peak LDH levels were significantly higher in the group of patients with the most severe renal disease.