The aim of the study was to present a single institution’s treatment strategy for nasal dermoids and to identify factors influencing distant results. The study covered 24 surgically treated pediatric patients with nasal dermoids (NDs). The medical data concerning demographics, preoperative local inflammations and surgical procedures, form of the abnormality, imaging, surgical techniques, and a role of osteotomies and reconstructions were analyzed. The recurrence rates and distant aesthetic outcomes were assessed. The surgical approach included vertical incision in 21 patients, the external rhinoplasty approach in 2 cases, and bicoronal incision in 1 child. The intracranial extension was confirmed in 6 patients. Seven out of 8 cases with preoperative local inflammations and 3 out of 4 with secondary fistulization were < 4 years old. Nine patients required osteotomies. Three children required reconstruction of the nasal skeleton. None of the distant cosmetic results was described as hideous or unsatisfactory. The incidence of local inflammatory complications is unrelated to the age of the patients. The distant aesthetic result depends on both the initial extent of the disease and preoperative local conditions or interventions. Prompt surgical intervention is highly recommended.

Background. allergic diseases are the most common chronic illnesses in children. it is said that patients with allergy more often suffer from adenoid hypertrophy and otitis media with effusion than non-allergic patients. Objectives. to estabilish the prevalence of allergy in children with adenoid hypertrophy with or without otitis media with effusion (oMe) admitted to the department of Pediatric otolaryngology in Poznan between 05.2017 and 05.2018 and to check if allergy affects the incidence of oMe and adenoid hypertrophy. Material and methods. each patient admitted for adenoidecomy or tympanostomy tube placement or both was carefully interviewed to check if they suffered from allergic diseases. in every patient with oMe, a preoperative tympanometry and pure tone audiogram or otoacoustic emission was performed. the data was analyzed statistically. the chi-square test was used, with a p value < 0.05. Results. 153 patients aged 2 to 16 years (68 girls and 85 boys) were admitted to the Poznan Pediatric otolaryngology department between 05.2017 and 05.2018. the children were divided in to three age subgroups. 16.9% of children undergoing adenoidectomy and 17.4% of children undergoing adenoidectomy with tympanostomy tube placement suffered from allergic disease. allergy did not affect the incidence of oMe or adenoid hypertrophy, but this finding was not statistically significant. oMe diagnosis and ear tube placement was statistically more often seen in boys (p = 0.02, chi 2 = 5.39). Conclusions. Prevalence of allergy was higher in boys and they had more often ear tubes placement performed. that difference was statistically significant. allergy in our study group did not influence the prevalence of oMe, nor the adenoid hypertrophy.

Background. acute rhinosinusitis occurs commonly in children. orbital complications are reported in 5% to 7% of patients. orbital involvement is reported to occur more often in children than in adults. Objectives. to evaluate the prevalence of orbital complications in children with acute rhinosinusitis. Material and methods. a retrospective study of 33 children referred to our department with orbital complications of acute rhinosinusitis between January 2016 and March 2018 was carried out. Patients' charts were investigated for the following data: gender and morbidity rate in the different age groups. diagnostic imaging-ct scans and/or X-ray of the paranasal sinuses were analyzed. the incidence of the stages of orbital complications and their primary treatment (conservative or surgery) was evaluated. Results. group 1 (0-3 years of age) included 7 children. group 2 (children aged 4-10 (n = 22) were affected most often. group 3 (11-18 years of age) involved 4 patients. in a majority of patients, a ct scan was performed. an analysis of the stages of disease according to chandler's classification revealed that stage i of orbital complications occurred most frequently, with a predominance in younger children. Conclusions. the proper distinction between preseptal and orbital cellulitis, and subperiosteal abscess, is crucial in choosing the appropriate treatment strategy. any delay may result in threatening vision complications.

One of the important features of prebiotics is their beneficial effect on the health of the host, which consists in the inhibition of the growth of harmful bacteria, including strains causing caries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cariogenic potential of a hydrolyzate of (1→3)-α-D-glucan (GOS) isolated from fruiting bodies of Laetiporus sulphureus, consisting of (1→3)-α-D-glucooligosaccharides (85.6%) and glucose (14.4%). The study was conducted in cultures of cariogenic bacteria belonging to the genus Streptococcus (S. mutans CAPM 6067, S. sobrinus DSMZ 20381, S. sobrinus/downei CCUG 21020, and S. sanguis ATCC 10556). The investigation of the cariogenicity of GOS included examination of the influence of the preparation on the growth of the above mentioned bacteria, their ability to synthesize mutan, and the formation of a sucrose-dependent biofilm. GOS significantly inhibited the growth of the investigated streptococci, and the observed beneficial effect was stronger than the changes induced by a commercial prebiotic preparation containing a mixture of fructooligosaccharides (FOS). Furthermore, GOS inhibited the mutan synthesis by the above mentioned bacteria but did not exert an impact on the formation of artificial dental plaque. In conclusion, the studies conducted showed low cariogenicity of GOS and confirmed the safety of its use as a dietary supplement.

Background. Acute otitis media in children is one of the most common causes of patients reporting to the family doctor and pediatrician. in rare cases, the inflammatory process spreads deeper into the temporal bone despite proper treatment, resulting in mastoiditis. Objectives. the aim of this article is to present the most common complication of inflammation of the middle ear. this is mastoiditis. the authors describe mastoiditis by means of its characteristics, the most common symptoms, incidence and treatment. Material and methods. data about the patients hospitalized in the Pediatric otolaryngology department of the Poznan university of Medical sciences from January 2017 to April 2018 was analyzed and subjected to a retrospective study. statistical analysis of the results was performed. Results. Based on the analyzed medical documentation, the incidence of mastoiditis was evaluated. in addition, the parameters characterizing the diagnostic procedure, along with the treatment methods and the effectiveness of the applied therapies in the hospital conditions, were assessed. the number of outpatient ambulatory visits and the frequency of necessary hospitalizations for patients with uncomplicated otitis media were additionally subjected to evaluation. Conclusions. the number of cases of inflammation of the middle ear requiring hospitalization in the Pediatric otolaryngology department Poznan university of Medical sciences is minimal, although the complications may present severe health consequences. uncomplicated acute otitis media may be successfully treated in ambulatory conditions by family physicians and pediatricians. early detection of the potential complication is essential in the practice of the family doctor. Summary ISSN 1734-3402, eISSN 2449-8580this is an open Access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons Attribution-noncommercial-shareAlike 4.0 international (cc By-nc-sA 4.0). license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).