RESUMENLa operación cesárea tiene una alta incidencia en nuestro país. La analgesia post operatoria que recibe la madre es un factor importante y debe ser de calidad con enfoque multimodal. Se han utilizado diversas estrategias terapéuticas para disminuir el dolor post quirúrgico. Los opioides intratecales han sido útiles junto con algunos fármacos coadyuvantes. La analgesia endovenosa con antiinflamatorios no esteroidales y acetaminofeno o en combinación es parte del uso actual y reduce los requerimientos de morfina de rescate endovenosa. Realizamos una revisión de cada una de las técnicas mencionadas con anterioridad con relación a la calidad de la analgesia posterior a operación cesárea haciendo énfasis en el uso de drogas intratecales y medicamentos endovenosos. Discutimos además el verdadero rol del uso de anestésicos locales tanto en infusión continua como en infiltración de herida operatoria, así como en bloqueos de pared abdominal; para al término concluir en una estrategia de manejo adecuada para la operación cesárea. Finalmente, el dolor crónico post operación cesárea presenta una alta incidencia en pacientes que recibieron una analgesia deficiente post cirugía, constituyendo a menudo, un problema importante para la paciente y el equipo quirúrgico tratante.ABSTRACT Cesarean section has a high incidence in our country. Postoperative analgesia has always been done with a multimodal approach trying to achieve quality and diminishing secondary effects. The strategies that have been used to reduce post-surgical pain include intrathecal opioids and intravenous analgesia with non-steroidal antiinflammatories drugs and acetaminophen, which finally reduces the requirements of rescue morphine. We carried out a review of the drugs mentioned before, and we discussed the use of local anesthetics used in continuous infusion, surgical wound infiltration as well as in abdominal wall nerve block. We emphasized in the use of intrathecal drugs such as opioids and intravenous drugs as supplementary, trying to define an appropriate management strategy for post-surgical pain after cesarean section. Finally, when patients receive an inadequate analgesia scheme after surgery, including cesarean section, they may develop chronic pain, establishing an important problem for the patient herself, as well as, for the surgical team.
Continuous femoral nerve block is a useful technique to manage postoperative pain after ACL repair. A rate of 5 mL.h-1 in CI or PCA boluses assures excellent postoperative analgesia.
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