SummaryThe activity of antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)] in the liver and gills of tench (Tinca tinca L.) from distinct habitats were studied. Fish were collected in the same season from three different water bodies: a cage culture supplied with cooling water from a power plant; traditional aquaculture in fishponds; and from the Odra River estuary. In all water bodies, the activity of antioxidant enzymes was significantly higher in the liver than in the gills. The highest activities of GST in the liver and GPx in the gills were detected in tench from the Odra River estuary, which may suggest abiotic stress connected with water quality in the estuary.

Unlike the sporocyst stages, adult leucochloridiid digeneans are difficult to differentiate. Sporocyst broodsacs can be identified on the basis of their colour and banding pattern, but in the absence of broodsacs and when experimental infection cannot be performed, tentative morphological identification needs to be verified, and molecular techniques offer a tool to do this. In this study, adult leucochloridiid digeneans were collected from the great tit (Parus major) found dead at three localities at or near the Baltic Sea coast (Hel, Bukowo-Kopań and Szczecin) in northern Poland. On the basis of differences in their morphological characters, Hel specimens were tentatively assigned to Leucochloridium perturbatum, Bukowo-Kopań and Szczecin specimens being identified tentatively as L. paradoxum. Subsequent ribosomal DNA sequence analysis confirmed the identification of these leucochloridiid flukes. Nucleotide sequences discriminating between the two species were identical to those used by earlier authors as characteristic of two distinctly different sporocyst broodsacs representing L. perturbatum and L. paradoxum.

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