No abstract

Analyses of riverbed shape evolution are crucial for environmental protection and local water management. For narrow rivers located in forested, mountain areas, it is difficult to use remote sensing data used for large river regions. We performed a study of the Prądnik River, located in the Ojców National Park (ONP), Poland. A multitemporal analysis of various data sets was performed. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR)-based data and orthophotomaps were compared with classical survey methods, and 78 cross-sectional profiles were done via GNSS and tachymetry. In order to add an extra time step, the old maps of this region were gathered, and their content was compared with contemporary data. The analysis of remote sensing data suggests that they do not provide sufficient information on the state and changes of riverbanks, river course or river depth. LiDAR data sets do not show river bottoms, and, due to plant life, do not document riverbanks. The orthophotomaps, due to tree coverage and shades, cannot be used for tracking the whole river course. The quality of old maps allows only for general shape analysis over time. This paper shows that traditional survey methods provide sufficient accuracy for such analysis, and the resulted cross-sectional profiles can and should be used to validate other, remote sensing, data sets. We diagnosed problems with the inventory and monitoring of such objects and proposed methods to refine the data acquisition.

The study is devoted to the uses of laser scanning in the field of engineering surveying. It is currently one of the main trends of research which is developed at the Department of Engineering Surveying and Civil Engineering at the Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental

Spoil tips are anthropomorphic terrain structures built out of leftover materials from underground or open pit mining. Usually the term spoil tips refers to those build out of unusable particles from coal exploration. As such they consist mostly of slate and various types of sandstone or mudstone. But also include some amount of coal and, what is more important, coal dust. Fires of spoil tips are dangerous to the environment and humans. They can cause degradation of air, and water qualities. Sometimes degradation to the environment can be irreversible. The presented survey was done in two stages. the first included creating a general terrain model. This was done with the use of long range laser scanner. The second step was a more detailed analysis of spatial and temperature conditions. Two measuring seasons ware performed. The first included a survey made with a short range laser scanner and a hand-held inferred camera. The obtained point cloud was supplemented with temperature value with the use of software and hardware provided by the authors. The visualization of 3D discreet thermal model was done in Bentley MicrioStation. The second included a usage of Z+F IMAGER 5010 laser scanner equipped with T-Cam Rev 1.0 thermal camera insole. A new and unique device that connects laser scanner with infrared camera. This season also provide a point cloud with attached temperature value of measured points. This article provides the description of those two methods including a comparison of their effectiveness and costs. It also describes the heat conditions occurring on spoil tip of Lubelski Węgiel "Bogdanka" S.A coal mine surveyed in December 2015.