Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC. e Uncaria guianensis (Aubl.) Gmel., conhecidas comercialmente como unha-de-gato, são trepadeiras lenhosas nativas das florestas tropicais amazônica e centralamericana. Essas espécies de Rubiaceae enfrentam ultimamente um eminente risco de extinção devido tanto ao extrativismo indiscriminado quanto ao desflorestamento de seus habitats naturais. Esse trabalho descreve métodos de cultivo in vitro para as duas espécies, analisando o perfil e o teor dos alcalóides oxindólicos pentacíclicos marcadores por CLAE no material vegetal obtido. Os resultados mostraram que os métodos desenvolvidos foram capazes de produzir plantas com perfil e teor dos alcalóides alvos similares à plantas nativas e cultivadas in vivo, com a vantagem adicional de produção em menor tempo de mudas próprias para plantio no campo. Os dados evidenciaram que o cultivo in vitro pode ser uma ferramenta viável para a produção das duas espécies com impacto na sua comercialização e na preservação das florestas. Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC. and Uncaria guianensis (Aubl.) Gmel., commercially known as cat's claw, are large woody vines native of the Amazon and Central America rainforests. These Rubiaceae species face nowadays an imminent risk of extinction due to indiscriminate harvesting in the wild as well as to increasing deforestation of their natural habitat. This work describes in vitro cultivation methods for both species with determination, by HPLC, of the pentacyclic oxindole alkaloid contents and profiles of the plant material. The results have proved that the methods we developed were able to produce plants with alkaloid profiles and contents similar to the wild and in vivo cultivated species, and with the additional advantage of producing suitable young plants in a shorter period of time. The data showed that the in vitro technique can be a feasible tool for the growth of the species, and may thus be important for their commercialization and for their conservation as a forest resource.
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