Abstract-Opportunistic routing is being investigated to enable the proliferation of low-cost wireless applications. A recent trend is looking at social structures, inferred from the social nature of human mobility, to bring messages close to a destination. To have a better picture of social structures, social-based opportunistic routing solutions should consider the dynamism of users' behavior resulting from their daily routines. We address this challenge by presenting dLife, a routing algorithm able to capture the dynamics of the network represented by time-evolving social ties between pair of nodes. Experimental results based on synthetic mobility models and real human traces show that dLife has better delivery probability, latency, and cost than proposals based on social structures.

A wearable sensing glove for monitoring hand gestures and posture has been developed. The glove sensing capability is based on optical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) sensors. These sensors, due to their inherent self-referencing and multiplexing capability, are a value-added choice for this application. A single optical fiber would cross all the hand with Bragg structures in specific spots, as the finger joints. The functionality and performance of the glove was fully evaluated. The sensor response was linear to the hand movements for opening and closing down. Through the sensor response, it was possible to retrieve information about the joint angles from which other set of information like finger force can be estimated. The developed glove was able to provide numerical data about the angles of the hand posture in real time. The simplicity of the system and performance makes it well suitable for physical therapy applications, study of the human kinematics during sport activity, virtual reality or even remote control applications, among others.

Micro-provider is here employed in terms of both dimension and functionality provided, mostly related to Internet access.

This paper presents a new type of dry electrodes for acquisition of biopotentials and stimulation. These dry electrodes are composed by 16 microtip structures (by forming an array of 4 × 4 microtips), which were fabricated through bulk micromachining of a 1 0 0 -type silicon substrate in a potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution. The fabrication process was trimmed in a way that each microtip presents solid angles of 54.7 • , a width in the range 150-200 m, a height of 100-200 m, and an inter-microtip spacing of 2 mm. The electrodes have a thin layer (obtained by reactive DC-sputtering) of iridium oxide (IrO) to improve the contact with the skin. These dry electrodes penetrate the outer skin layer (i.e. stratum corneum that is 10 m thick) to allow a direct contact with the electrolyte fluids of the inner skin layers. The new electrode avoid the use of conductive gels and reduce the skin preparation time in EEG experiments, which may take about 45 min for a set of 32 standard silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrodes. The electrode-electrolyte impedance spectrometry (IS) of the IrO thin-films was performed in a saline solution, 0.9% concentration by weight, to mimic the electrode-tissue interface. The IS measured results for the IrO coatings were comparable to the results observed for the standard Ag/AgCl electrodes. The new dry microtips array constitutes an inexpensive, low resistance and mechanically robust alternative electrode for non-invasive biopotential recording/stimulation with fast application on skin.

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