RESUMO -As condições que as sementes encontram no solo para a germinação nem sempre são favoráveis. O potencial osmótico de algumas soluções pode apresentar valores mais negativos do que aquele apresentado pelas células do embrião, dificultando, assim, a absorção da água necessária para a germinação. A diminuição da germinação de sementes submetidas ao estresse hídrico é atribuída à redução das atividades enzimáticas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a potencialidade de soluções osmóticas de Manitol, CaCl 2 , KCl e NaCl nos potenciais de zero; -0,6; -1,2 e -1,8MPa como simuladores de deficiência hídrica de sementes de feijão, cv. 'IAC-Carioca-80SH', foram avaliados quanto à germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, classificação de vigor, comprimento de parte aérea e de raiz primária, bem como as massas secas de parte aérea e raiz primária das plântulas. As soluções osmóticas de manitol e CaCl 2 , na concentração de -0,6MPa, não produziram diferenças estatísticas na maioria dos resultados analisados, podendo ser usadas como simuladores de deficiência hídrica; as soluções de KCl e NaCl, além de funcionarem como reguladores osmóticos, manifestaram toxidez às sementes de feijão, não sendo recomendadas, portanto, como simuladores de deficiência hídrica.Termos para indexação: Phaseolus vulgaris, qualidade fisiológica, estresse hídrico. WATER STRESS INDUCED BY DIFFERENT OSMOTIC AGENTES ON GERMINATION AND VIGOR OF BEAN SEEDSABSTRACT -The soil conditions where seeds are sown is not always favourable, as in saline or sodic soils. Some saline solutions may exhibit an osmotical potential more negative than the embryo cells, not allowing the necessary water uptake to germination. The germination lowering, in seeds submitted to water stress, is a function of the reduction in enzymatic activities. The aim of this study was to verify the differences between osmotical solutions of Mannitol, CaCl 2 , KCl and NaCl, over the germination and vigor of snap bean seeds, cv. 'IAC-Carioca-80SH'. Solutions of mannitol and CaCl 2 , did not show any differences between the variables analysed and both could be used as water deficit simulation solutions; however, KCl and NaCl solutions exhibited some toxicity to snap beans seeds and were not suitable for use as water deficit simulation.Index terms: Phaseolus vulgaris, physiological quality, water stress. INTRODUÇÃOAs condições que as sementes encontram no solo para a germinanação algumas vezes são adversas, tais como, em solos salinos e sódicos. O potencial osmótico de soluções salinas pode apresentar valores mais negativos do que aquele apresentado pelas células do embrião, dificultando, portanto, a absorção da água necessária para a germinação. A diminuição da germinação de sementes submetidas ao estresse hídrico é atribuída à redução das atividades enzimáticas. A salinidade afeta a germinação, não só por dificultar a cinética da absorção

Our results suggest that LQB-118 selectively induces ROS-triggered and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in this parasite.

Despite the relevant therapeutic progresses obtained with imatinib, clinical resistance to this drug has emerged and reemerged after cytogenetic remission in a group of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Therefore, novel treatment strategies are needed. In this study, we evaluated the anti-CML activity and mechanisms of action of LQB-118, a pterocarpanquinone structurally related to lapachol [2-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone]. LQB-118 treatment resulted in an important reduction of cell viability in cell lines derived from CML, both the vincristine-sensitive K562 cell line, and the resistant K562-Lucena (a cell line overexpressing P-glycoprotein). In agreement with these results, the induction of caspase-3 activation by this compound indicated that a significant rate of apoptosis was taking place. In these cell lines, apoptosis induced by LQB-118 was accompanied by a reduction of P-glycoprotein, survivin, and XIAP expression. Moreover, this effect was not restricted to cell lines as LQB-118 produced significant apoptosis rate in cells from CML patients exhibiting multifactorial drug resistance phenotype such as P-glycoprotein, MRP1 and p53 overexpression. The data suggest that LQB-118 has a potent anti-CML activity that can overcome multifactorial drug resistance mechanisms, making this compound a promising new anti-CML agent.

3 Stereochemistry AbstractTo create your abstract, type over the instructions in the template box below. Fonts or abstract dimensions should not be changed or altered. You may insert more abstracts by copying this box or by using the menu option to insert a stereochemistry abstract.J. Mancebo-Aracil , M. Martín-Rodríguez, C. Nájera, J. M. Sansano* , P. R. R. Costa, E. Crizanto de Lima, A. G Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-5-methyl-3-phenyl-4,6-dioxooctahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c] Isopropyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-5-methyl-3-phenyl-4,6-dioxoocta hydropyrrolo[3,4-c] Ethyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-5-methyl-3-phenyl-4,6-dioxooctahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c] Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-5-methyl-3-(2-naphthyl)-4,6-dioxoocta hydropyrrolo[3,4-c] tert- Butyl (1S,3R,3aS, Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-5-methyl-4,6-dioxo-3-o-tolyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4-c] Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-4,6-dioxooctahydropyrrolo[3,4-c] Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-3-(3-pyridyl)-5-methyl-4,6-dioxooctahydropyrrolo[3,4-c] Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-5-methyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)-4,6-dioxooctahydropyrrolo[3,4-c] Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,octahydropyrrolo [3,4-c] Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-5-ethyl-4,6-dioxo-3-phenyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4-c] Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-4,6-dioxo-3,5-diphenyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4-c] Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-1,5-dimethyl-4,6-dioxo-3-phenyloctahydro pyrrolo[3,4-c] Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-5-benzyl-4,6-dioxo-3-phenyloctahydropyrrolo[3,4-c] (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-1 -isobutyl-5-methyl-4,6-dioxo-3-(2-thienyl)octahydropyrrolo [3,4-c] Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-1-benzyl-5-methyl-4,6-dioxo-3-phenyl octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c] -indol-2-yl}-3,4-bis(phenylsulfonyl) Methyl (2R,3S,4S,5S)-5-[2-(2-acetoxyethyl)-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl]-3,4-bis(phenylsulfonyl) --- * Corresponding author. Tel.: +34-965903549; fax: +34-965903549; jmsansano@ua.es Methyl (1S,3R,3aS,6aR)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-4,6-dioxooctahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1-carboxylate Methyl (2R,3R,4R,5S)-5-(naphth-2-yl)-3,4-bis(phenylsulfonyl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Methyl (2R,3R,4R,5S)-5-phenyl-3,4-bis(phenylsulfonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Methyl (2R,3R,4R,5S)-3,4-bis(phenylsulfonyl)-5-(o-tolyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Methyl (2R,3R,4R,5S)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-bis(phenylsulfonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Methyl (2R,3R,4R,5S)-3,4-bis(phenylsulfonyl)-5-(p-tolyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Isopropyl (2R,3R,4R,5S)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,4-bis(phenylsulfonyl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Methyl (2R,3R,4R,5S)-3,4-bis(phenylsulfonyl)-5-(pyrid-3-yl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Methyl (2R,3R,4R,5S)-5-{3-[2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)ethyl]-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H A R T I C L E I N F O AB S T R AC TArticle history: Received Received in revised form Accepted Available onlineBinap-AgSbF6 catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between azomethine ylides and electrophilic alkenes is described an compared with the analogous transformations mediated by other Binapsilver(I) salt complexes. Maleimides and 1,2-bis(phenylsulfonyl)ethylene, are suitable dipolarophiles to obtain very good enantioselections, even better enantioselections are generated by the multicompone...

RESUMO -A primeira etapa na seqüência de eventos da germinação é a embebição. A limitação de água pode diminuir a velocidade de germinação ou até impedi-la. Em condições de deficiência hídrica sementes de diferentes tamanhos podem apresentar comportamentos distintos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da deficiência hídrica induzida por manitol na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja dos cultivares 'IAC-18' e 'IAC-22', classificadas em peneiras nos tamanhos 12 e 13, e, 12, 13 e 14, respectivamente. As sementes foram semeadas em substrato de papel umedecido com soluções de manitol de diferentes concentrações (0; 44,58; 89,17; 133,75g L -1 de água destilada) produzindo os potenciais hídricos de 0, -0,6, -1,2 e -1,8MPa, respectivamente. Os tratamentos foram avaliados por meio dos seguintes testes: germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, classificação do vigor das plântulas, comprimento de hipocótilo e raiz e massa seca da parte aérea e raiz. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento inteiramente casualizado com os tratamentos dispostos em arranjo fatorial 2x4 e 3x4 (tamanho de semente x concentração de manitol), para cada cultivar. Os resultados indicaram que, para o cultivar 'IAC-18', os potenciais calculados de -0,52 e -0,49MPa permitiram a máxima germinação, respectivamente para as sementes classificadas nas peneiras 12 e 13. Para o cultivar 'IAC-22', nos potenciais calculados de -0,514, -0,51 e -0,46MPa foram obtidas as máximas germinações para as sementes classificadas nas peneiras 12, 13 e 14, respectivamente. Até o potencial de -1,27MPa e -1,04MPa, respectivamente, para os cultivares 'IAC-18' e 'IAC-22', as sementes maiores apresentaram maior germinação. A germinação foi menos afetada que as avaliações de desenvolvimento das plântulas, nos diferentes níveis de potencial, pois estas características foram decrescentes com a diminuição dos potenciais hídricos.Termos para indexação: Glycine max, deficiência hídrica, peneiras, classificação. WATER DEFICIT INDUCED BY MANNITOL ON SOYBEAN SEED CLASSIFIED IN DIFFERENT SIZESABSTRACT -The first event in the germination sequence is imbibition. Water uptake limitation has an effect on germination velocity, decreasing or stopping this process. In water stress conditions seeds with different sizes may present different behaviour. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydric stress induced by mannitol on the physiological seed quality of soybean cultivar 'IAC-18' classified by size in the 12 and 13 mesh and cultivar 'IAC-22' classified in the 12, 13 and 14 mesh. Seeds were sown on paper soaked in mannitol solutions at different concentrations (0; 44.58; 89.17; 133.75g L -1 distilled water) which produced the water potentials of 0, -0.6, -1.2 and -1.8MPa. Treatments were evaluated according the following characteristics: germination, first germination counting, seedling vigour classification, hypocotil and root length and shoot and root dry biomass. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with the ...