This study analyzed choice behavior in the Hungry Donkey Task, with a focus on learning trajectories and the stability of preference, in 100 children of different ages (8-9, 10-11, 12-13, 14-15, and 16-17 years old). The results indicated that (a) learning occurred as the task progressed, (b) early adolescents performed poorly during the task, and (c) most of the participants did not reach the stability criterion during the task. The present study suggests that decision-making in children and adolescents varies with age, and that the inclusion of an operant-based approach (e.g., the use of stability criterion) may improve methods for evaluating decision-making in children.

This research aimed to experimentally explore how rats reared in environmental enrichment (EE) and in isolation (ISO) behave in the prosocial behavior liberation task. The subjects were reared in two conditions: EE and ISO, and then submitted to the task. The results suggests that EE subjects spent more time near the restrainer, displayed faster door-opening behavior but interacted less with the released conspecific task compared with the ISO subjects. Our preliminary findings suggest that the rearing conditions may affect prosocial behavior, and that EE may increase the probability of displaying prosocial behavior. We discussed the need of more studies about the effect of rearing conditions and how it may impact motivations associated with the prosocial behavior and its consequences.

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El consumo de cigarrillo electrónico se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública, lo que ha generado la necesidad de contar con instrumentos estandarizados que evalúen las consecuencias de su uso. Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue adaptar y evaluar las condiciones de validez y confiabilidad del Índice de Dependencia del Cigarrillo Electrónico (IDCE) en una muestra de adultos colombianos. Método: Se realizó una investigación de tipo cuantitativa instrumental, en la cual el instrumento fue adaptado al español, evaluado por jueces y aplicado a 128 consumidores de cigarrillo electrónico. Resultados: El análisis factorial confirmatorio muestra una estructura unifactorial, con adecuados índices de bondad de ajuste, que concuerda con la propuesta teórica, y se hallan valores de consistencia interna entre aceptables y adecuados. Conclusión: Los resultados permiten indicar que el índice de dependencia del cigarrillo electrónico es una escala válida y confiable para ser utilizada en adultos colombianos.