A termodinâmica está ligada à ciência dos materiais; o que significa a obtenção de novos materiais que tenham propriedades químicas e físicas bem definidas. A termodinâmica, podemos dizer, é uma das bases da engenharia de materiais, pois os processos de fabricação de novos materiais envolvem a transferência de calor e o trabalho para as matérias-primas. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar as aplicações da termodinâmica no estudo de propriedades químicas e físicas bem definidas de materiais de argila para a obtenção de novos tipos de materiais por meio de revisão bibliográfica.

With technological advances, the creation and use of sustainable materials is increasingly sought. One of the most widely used sustainable materials in civil construction corresponds to ecological bricks, thus, the present work aims to carry out a brief bibliographical survey on the reuse of waste in the manufacture of ecological bricks, aiming at sustainability. In this research, the studies presented show exactly different recyclable components, such as: PET bottles, Styrofoam, rubber, etc., precisely to add ecological diversity and impose an appropriate purpose to these resources in a way that motivates sustainable development. This investigation in several materials in the verification of the applicability of ecological brick, in order to submit and understand the behavior of these new materials.

The residues generated by the ceramic factories, among the most varied types, represent a large part of the waste produced and the one that comes from the production of red ceramics such as tiles and bricks, reflects in great part of all the constituents of these residues. The use of tailings is becoming an increasingly common practice, often because it does not have a correct final destination and in some places, there is a shortage of natural materials. The present work aims to study the addition of residues of ceramic tiles dust in the characteristics and properties of ecological brick. A literature review on the topic was carried out, in addition to granulometric characterizations, absorption tests, thermal comfort and simple compression. After carrying out the tests, the possibility of using it as a component of the ecological brick and using it in the region of Teresina-PI was studied. The samples produced with tile powder residue showed excellent results, therefore, through this study it was possible to prove that the reuse of these residues is valid for use in civil construction.

The main raw material for the production of ceramic materials is clay, it can be found in large quantities throughout Brazil, in addition to having a simple processing method in the preparation of the mass of ceramic tiles using mixtures of kaolinitic clays (not very plastic) and illitic (plastic) clays, this mixture favors by developing a series of functions such as: light-burning color; act as binders and plasticizers; facilitate fluidity, due to its melting properties, provide a good burning density and excellent mechanical resistance. This work addresses the main basic white-burning raw materials used in the production of ceramic tiles: quartz, kaolin, talc and limestone and their influence on the ceramic mass. All raw materials mentioned are available in the State of Piauí. For this, a bibliographic review of a descriptive, basic and qualitative nature was carried out on the theme and with the results, it was possible to identify the existence of white-burning raw materials in the State of Piauí that can be used in the production of ceramic coating.

New elements are needed to contribute to the idea of not reusing the materials, but rather improving their use, the massará for example is known in the region of Teresina-PI is a connecting material, of little consistency, easily disaggregatable (friable), containing white silica pebbles and of little utilização in the region. The interlocked concrete floor presents peculiar characteristics among which are those that configure it as a floor. The work analyzes through a mechanical strength and water absorption test the capacity that the interlocked concrete floor with the addition of massará in its composition offers in relation to bear load. Two traces with massará will be tried and then specimens will be molded to obtain the results of mechanical tests and characterization of the material in the laboratory. After the tests, it was observed the possibility of using it as components in the production of interlocked laying blocks used in construction companies of Teresina - PI.