Introduction. There is still an urgent need in viticulture for studying the effect of tank mixtures of pesticides and bioactive substances on Vitis vinifera and, therefore, the quality and composition of wine. We aimed to study the effect of NanoKremny (silicon fertilizer) treatment of the grapevine on the productivity and quality of grape harvest, as well as the quality of dry wines. Study objects and methods. Grape varieties from three vineyards in Crimea and the wines produced from them. We applied standard methods used in viticulture, plant protection, and oenological practice. Organic acids and volatile components in grapes and wines were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. Results and discussion. We found that the most effective use of NanoKremny was threefold at 0.15 L/ha during the periods of active growth and formation of vegetative and generative organs in grapevines. It had a positive effect on vegetative development, water balance, productivity of grape plants, as well as yield quality and quantity. Also, NanoKremny decreased the development of mildew and oidium diseases, preserved the content of titratable acids in grapes during their ripening, as well as accumulated phenolic compounds, tartaric and malic acids in grape berries. Conclusion. We found no negative effect of NanoKremny treatment of the grapevine on the physicochemical parameters and sensory characteristics of wines. Thus, this preparation can be used as a bioorganic additive in viticulture.

The article presents the results of studies of 2019-2020, carried out in the soil and climatic conditions of Crimean Mountain-valley viticultural zone on table grape variety ‘Italia’. It was experimentally determined that five-fold foliar treatment of grape plantations with gel fertilizers has led to a significant increase in the average length of annual shoots by 15 cm (9.2%) and an increase in the green matter of bushes by 165.1 cm3 (9.1%). It was found that using of preparations of experimental system of mineral nutrition manufactured by Agrinos and Lima-Europe companies during two growing seasons of grape plants has led to an increase in the average bunch weight by 42.9 g (7.4%), shoot productivity by 8.1% and an increase in the cropping capacity by 1.8 t/ha (10.2%) in comparison with the control. Using of the studied mineral gel fertilizers against the background of increasing grape productivity did not affect the process of sugar accumulation and the level of titratable acids. The studies showed that two-year fertilizer utilization of the studied system of mineral nutrition contributed to a significant increase in organoleptic characteristics of table grapes.

The effectiveness of phytophagous insect control systems depends on the accuracy of the chosen method of monitoring their numbers and the available information on the dynamics of the population number. As part of the automation of the processes of collecting and analyzing data on the biological activity of pheromone preparations of the phytophage of grapes Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff., the method of counting the number of pest butterflies on the glue inserts of pheromone traps has been improved by the use of digital cameras and MCView software. According to the validation results, it was found that, relative to the actual data, the improved method ensured the accuracy of counting butterflies at a density of 45-321 imago/insert at an average of 99.1%, which exceeded the results of counting by the traditional visual method by an average of 5%. It is shown that partial method automation made it possible to reduce the influence of a particular researcher, as a subjective factor, on the experiment results. An increase in the time required for counting butterflies by the improved method relative to the visual method by an average of 30% was noted. The presented method of quantitative evaluation of the results of pheromone monitoring in vineyards is a transitional stage to the full automation of this information collection and analysis. For this purpose, to date, photosets have been collected containing more than 1000 photos of glue inserts of pheromone traps with captured butterflies and training of a convolutional neural network has begun designed to detect and quantify such grape lepidopteran phytophages as Lobesia botrana, Helicoverpa armigera Hbn., Theresimima ampelophaga Bayl. (Insecta: Lepidoptera).

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For optimal conditions of grapevine development, a relatively uniform distribution of precipitation is needed during all phases of active plant growth. However, often there are dry periods in summer months in areas of unstable moistening. At the present time, in intensive technologies of grape cultivation, foliar treatments with agrochemicals are widely used to increase stress resistance of plants to moisture deficit with the goal to protect and increase cropping capacity and gain optimal conditions of viticultural products. Our research, carried out in the conditions of Crimea, have shown that using of the studied systems of mineral nutrition with micronutrient fertilizers of the Wuxal group in conditions of air and soil drought contributed to an increase in the average bunch weight by 17.4-51.9 g and an cropping capacity of grapes by 9.5-35, 3% (1-1.5 t / ha). It was experimentally proven that test treatments have led to a significant increase (by 4.7-15.5%) in the growth of green matter of bushes and in the structure index of table grape bunch by 19.1-37.8%. Against the background of using the studied systems of nutrition, an increase in the content of sugars and phenolic substances in the must of ‘Saperavi’ grape variety by 8.5% and 70.4%, respectively, was observed in comparison with the control.