One of the current tasks is to improve the performance of cement composites. Effective ways to solve a problem is to use a new generation of carbon - containing modifiers. The regulation of the physical and mechanical and operational properties of cement composites must be carried out at the micro level, by regulating the structure formation of the cement matrix One of the promising directions is the use of graphene as a carbon-containing modifier. The article represents research data on oxidized thermally expanding graphite. The results of microscopic and laser diffraction granulometric analyzes are represented. The performed studies allowed to characterize the properties of the research material. The analysis of particle size distribution was carried out on a Fritsch NanoTec laser particle size measuring device with a dispersion unit in a liquid space with a total measurement range from 0.01 to 2100 μm and showed a decrease in size from 574 μm to 22.2 μm. Microscopic research was carried out by using a scanning (raster) electron microscope TESCAN Mira 3 with a magnification range of x1 – x1 000,000. The experimental results presented in the present research prove the effectiveness of using oxidized thermally expanding graphite as a modifier of cement composites.

The selection of the composition of a highly mobile concrete mixture for manufacturing small architectural forms has been performed, and the strength characteristics of light fine-grained fibrous concrete have been studied. It has been experimentally established that the optimal ratio of the Portland cement to microsilica is 1: 1. The introduction of basalt fiber in the amount of 0.5% of the mass of solids contributes to the increase in bending strength of fine-grained concrete to 70%.

The article presents testing results of non-autoclave structural and heat-insulating foam concrete, made on the basis of astringents of different grades and with different fillers. It has been experimentally established that the best filler for foam concrete is microsilica due to its high specific surface area and low bulk density in comparison with the sand. The use of high-quality binders in foam concrete mixtures allows to increase not only the strength of foam concrete, but also the content of microsilica up to 70% with respect to mixtures at lower brands of Portland cement.

The actual task of the construction industry is to increase the durability of building materials. The use of wood and materials based on waste from the woodworking industry puts forward requirements for increasing biostability and fireproof properties. The article presents wood composite materials based on opal rocks on unfired and fired diatomite with the use of water glass in the form of a binder, sawdust and chips in the form of filler. The biostability of both types of composite has been studied. Studies of the qualitative phase composition were carried out using X-ray phase analysis. The dependence of the biostability of the composite material on the content of the filler has been established. The possibility of using liquid glass in the form of a binder to protect the aggregate from biological damage to wood in composite materials based on opal rocks has been proven.