Atherosclerosis is a complex non-monogenic disease related to endothelial damage in elastic-type arteries and incorrect feeding. Here, using cryodamage of endothelial cells (ECs) of rat abdominal aorta, we examined the role of the EC basement membrane (BM) for re-endothelization endothelial regeneration and its ability to capture low density lipoproteins (LDLs). Regeneration of endothelium induced thickening of the ECBM. Secretion of the BM components occurred in the G2-phase. Multiple regenerations, as well as arterial hypertension and aging, also led to the thickening of the BM. Under these conditions, the speed of re-endothelialization increased. The thick BM captured more LDLs. LDLs formed after overloading of rats with lipids acquired higher affinity to the BM, presumably due to the prolonged transport of chylomicrons through neuraminidase-positive endo-lysosomes. These data provide new molecular and cellular mechanisms of atherogenesis.

The modeling issues of the working process and the design of combustion chambers for aircraft engines and gas turbines are considered. The developed modeling tool is shown: the “AM” expert decision-making system. A brief description of the expert system and module aimed at modeling and designing of the combustion chamber structures is given. The results of the computer-aided design of combustion chambers for the AL-31F aircraft engine and the AL-31ST gas turbine engine are presented. The results obtained are verified on the basis of the basic design and the values obtained using three-dimensional models of the real structure. A comparison of materials selected by an expert system with those used in a real design is performed. The parametric studies results of the various parameters influence of the combustion chambers working process on their design are also shown.

ÍÀÓ×ÍÛÅ ÈÑÑËÅÄÎÂÀÍÈß È ÐÀÇÐÀÁÎÒÊÈ К. т. н. с. н. галышев 1 , к. т. н. п. м. бажин 2 ( ) , д. ф.-м. н. А. м. столин 2 , к. т. н. ф. ф. мусин 1 , к. т. н. п.

Abstract. Continuous carbon fiber reinforced magnesium alloy pieces in SMC Ti-6Al-4V shell have been fabricated using pressure infiltration. Similar temperatures (~700 °С) for superplastic formation of the shell and melting of the alloy allow this to be done in one step. The quality of infiltration of the molten alloys is found to be proportional to load. A limiting parameter in increasing the infiltration pressure is the strength of the welded bonds. Structure, fracture parameters and mechanical properties are discussed.

In connection with the prospect of using metal matrix composites for various types of structural applications (in particular, thermally loaded elements of aviation and rocket-space technologies), recently more and more research has been focused on exploring the possibility of bonding controlling at a fiber-matrix interface, which, as a rule, is a weak point for composite materials of this type. In the case of carbon-aluminum composites, in order to fully reveal their strength properties, it is necessary to solve the problem with the formation of brittle aluminum carbide at the interface, drastically reducing the mechanical characteristics of composite materials. There are several ways to solve this problem, but the most promising is the application of barrier coatings, in particular oxide coatings, on the surface of the fibers. In this work, we have investigated the effect of single-layer, two-layer and three-layer coatings of titanium dioxide TiO 2 deposited on carbon fibers by the solgel method, and heat treatment at 150°С, 350°С and 550°С for 1 hour on the strength of carbon-aluminum composites at three-point bending. It has been found that when using the sol-gel technology, titanium dioxide covers the fibers surface completely. In the microstructure of composites reinforced with uncoated and coated fibers, there are no pores or areas without impregnation. On average, the bending strength for carbon-aluminum specimens reinforced with uncoated fibers increases significantly after annealing, and the titanium dioxide coating in turn also contributes to an increase in the strength properties of the carbon-aluminum composite.