Radioiodine treatment is a significant risk factor for development of TAO in Graves' hyperthyroidism. Smokers run the highest risk for worsening or development of TAO irrespective of treatment modality.
Topical anti-inflammatory (cutaneous "vasoconstriction") and systemic glucocorticoid (depression of plasma cortisol and changes in differential WBC count) potencies of the two glucocorticoids budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) were compared in human volunteers. After topical application, budesonide was 2-3 times more potent than BDP in inducing "vasoconstriction". After oral administration, on the other hand, budesonide was 2-4 times less potent than BDP in depressing plasma cortisol and changing the total or differential WBC. After inhalation, too, significant differences in favour of budesonide were noted, but the divergence between the drugs was less pronounced. The improved relationship between the topical and systemic glucocorticoid effects of budesonide makes it a promising alternative for aerosol treatment in asthma.
Lipoprotein concentrations and activities of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) were measured in 70 subjects with thyroid function ranging from overt hypothyroidism over subclinical hypothyroidism and euthyroidism to hyperthyroidism.In parallel with serum T3 (S-T3) concentrations increasing from low in hypothyroidism to high in hyperthyroidism there were gradually higher HL activities over the full spectrum of thyroid function, accompanied by decreasing levels of total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was lower (P < 0.05) in hyperthyroidism than in euthyroidism but not significantly changed in the hypothyroid groups. HL was correlated to S-T3 (r = 0.77, P< 0.001), LDL cholesterol to log S-T3 (r = -0.76, P < 0.001), and LDL cholesterol to log HL (r = -0.55,P <0.001). The activity of LPL was decreased (P< 0.001) in overt hypothyroidism compared to euthyroidism but, in contrast to HL, the activity of LPL was not increased in hyperthyroidism. The plasma triglyceride (P-TG) concentration was elevated (P< 0.01) in overt hypothyroidism but not significantly changed in subclinical hypothyroidism or in hyperthyroidism. The LPL activity was correlated to log S-T3 (r = 0.45, P < 0.001), P-TG to log S-T3 (r = -0.37, P< 0.01) and P-TG to log LPL activity (r= -0.71,P<0.001).Our results demonstrate that thyroid hormones influence HL and LPL activities in different ways, suggesting different mechanisms of action. Changes in HL activity seem to be an important mechanism for the disturbance of cholesterol metabolism in thyroid dysfunction while the thyroid hormone influence on LPL seems to be of importance mainly for the disturbance in triglyceride metabolism.When patients with hypothyroidism are treated with L-thyroxine an increase in lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) activities has been found to parallel the normalization of their ele¬ vated total and LDL cholesterol levels (Pykälistö et al. 1976; Lithell et al. 1981; Abrams et al. 1981;Valdemarsson et al. 1982). In hypothyroid patients under treatment we also found the increase in S-T3 to be significantly correlated to the increase in HL activity and to the decrease in LDL cholesterol as well (Valdemarsson et al. 1982). These results indi¬ cate that LPL and HL are of pathogenic impor¬ tance for the dyslipoproteinaemia in hypothyroid¬ ism. However, the nature of a possible general association between thyroid hormone concentra¬ tions, lipase activities, and lipoprotein levels can not be determined from effects of treatment of hypo¬ thyroidism only, and data on lipase activities in hyperthyroidism are inconclusive (Nikkilä & Kekki 1972;Tulloch et al. 1973; Abrams et al. 1981).Therefore, we investigated these associations in a cross-sectional study of 70 subjects with various thyroid function states ranging from overt hypo¬ thyroidism over subclinical hypothyroidism and euthyroidism to hyperthyroidism. Material and Methods PatientsFifty-three (consecutive) patients and 17 ostensibly healthy subjec...
Twenty-five moderately exposed lead workers (mean blood-lead level 1.9 mumol/l) had lower plasma levels of follicle stimulating hormone than 25 individually matched controls without occupational lead exposure (blood-lead level 0.2 mumol/l). In addition, the ten most heavily exposed individuals had higher levels of thyroid stimulating hormone, and the 14 workers under the age of 40 had decreased plasma levels of luteinizing hormone and serum levels of cortisol, as compared to the controls. All values were within "normal" reference limits. There was no significant change of the plasma testosterone level. These data indicate a complex effect on the endocrine system by moderate lead exposure, possibly mediated by changes at the hypothalamic-pituitary level. Besides the effect on hormone levels, there was also a decrease in plasma selenium level for the lead exposed workers.
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is one of the peptides encoded for by the calcitonin gene. It has been demonstrated in man to be located in the thyroid and in perivascular nerves and to possess potent vasodilatory properties. In the present study we found plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity (CGRP-LI) to be significantly higher in females than in males and that women on contraceptive pills had significantly higher CGRP-LI levels than women not taking contraceptives. These data are in accordance with one earlier report on an increased CGRP level during pregnancy and suggest a positive influence of the female sex hormones on the plasma CGRP level in man, which should be considered in the establishment of a reference range for this analysis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.